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Chapter 2 PoliSci

Terms in this set (34)

Thomas Hobbes
Clash between individual and collective interests- social contract: everyone sign something to tie their hands for the greater good
Prisoner's Dilemma illustrates the tension between ... interests and ... interests
individual, collective
what is the main purpose of the social contract?
to place limits on individual freedoms in exchange for collective benefits
Government
is a concrete organization that has authority to act on behalf of a state, and the set of people who have the right to make decisions that affect everyone in a state
Nation
a form of political identity
Society
diverse forms of voluntary collective action that people engage in outside of the realm of its state and authoritative public choices. Formal and informal organizations, social movements and interest groups that
1) remain autonomous from state control
2) articulate their own economic, cultural and/or political identities and interests
Who said that violence was written in the DNA of the state
Charles Tilly
What distinguishes the state from the nation
nations are a form of political identity, while states are a political-legal abstraction
Which of the following is a key component of groups that constitute civil society?
They are autonomous from state control
feudalism
a form of political organization in which no single political entity or ruler held unambiguous territorial sovereignty and in which political rule held multiple, and often overlapping, lines of authority
3 Contexts of early state formation
Military, Economic, and Cultural Identity
The Treaty of Westphalia is significant because it established which core principle?
secular leaders had ultimate authority over a given territory
Which of the following is the modern state most closely associated with
depersonalized governance
how does changing military technology in medieval Europe relate to early state formation?
improvements in land and sea forces required a centralization of the state to collect needed revenues effectively
Late forming states are often ... than early forming states
weaker
in which of the following ways is the period of late state formation different from the period of early state formation
the international military context did not contribute to late state formation as it did in the earlier days
What was a distinguishing factor of European colonialism in relation to late state development
European colonialism left newly formed states with ineffective and illegitimate govt institutions
When using ... to evaluate state strength, social scientists are focused on the voluntary level of compliance within the state.
Legitimacy
A state that is highly repressive of its own citizens would receive a low ranking in which category of the state fragility index?
security legitimacy score
security and political...
effectiveness- use of power
legitimacy- voluntary compliance
... is a state's ultimate responsibility for and legal authority over the conduct of internal affairs
sovereignty
what is the core tension in a collective action problem?
the tension between individual and collective interests
Which of the following best demonstrates Hobbes's solution to the collective action problem in social crisis?
Govts must be allowed to limit individual freedom to some degree to ensure the collective good
How do states differ from govts?
States are abstract, where govt is concrete organization
which of the following groups provides an example of loose overlapping between nation and state
the Kurds
which of the following is an example of govt in comparative politics
German Chancellor Angela Merkel
What is the relationship between natural environment and political interests in the formation of early states?
Increased food production in medieval Europe led to larger and denser populations, while changing political interests increased competition among rulers to consolidate control over territory
How is the natural environment connected to late state formation?
States with difficult terrain found constructing legitimate and effective state institutions more challenging and expensive
What does the State Fragility Index Measure?
the likelihood that a state is vulnerable to collapse
State
A compulsory political organization with continuous operations claiming a monopoly of the legitimate use of force (Max Weber)
state consists of:
1. Territorial unit
2. People
3. Sovereignty
Internal
External
Elements of the state
Military
Police
Bureaucrats /Tax collectors
Courts
Nation states right now
Nation-states provide collective protection,
Strong states: reduce risks to health and well-being.
--public health
--product regulation
--economic opportunities (education) and risks (social insurance)

Weak states: struggle to provide internal & external security taken for granted in strong states

Modern states (esp strong ones) devote many more resources to secure the well-being of their citizens and maintaining their legitimacy, than providing external protection.
Rich dem govts spend much more on what
Social welfare spending =
old age and disability pensions
public housing
social assistance, unemployment, training/education

But excludes public health spending
Limits and dilemmas of globalization
Limits
Most economic and social interactions still occur inside of national borders
Accepted norms of inter-state relations were a defining characteristic of the original nation-state system" in 1648
Dilemmas
Though most interactions among people are internal, economic inequality+ globalization may mean that the most powerful actors are NOT bound by state power
They may make us (and thus states) dependent on them through a new, global collective action dilemma
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