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biology II exam 2

Terms in this set (72)

Where are choanocytes found?

Inner chambers or wall of the sponge

Jelly like layer just below the pinacocytes

The outer surface of the sponge
Inner chambers or wall of the sponge
The choanoflagellates are?
The choanoflagellates are a group of free-living unicellular and colonial flagellate eukaryotes considered to be the closest living relatives of the animals.
What are the characteristics of the Phylum Porifera?
the sponges
1. parazoan (not true tissues)
2. asymmetric
3. suspension feeders
4. earliest known animals
5. sessile adults
sessile adults
stuck to the substrate
what animals are in the Porifera?
Sponges
Parazoa means:
lack of true tissues.
Eumetazoanus means:
they have true tissues
Sponges are eumetazoans.
A.
True

B.
False
B
.
Sponges are filter feeders as adults.
A.
True

B.
False
A
Sponges have true organ systems
A.
True

B.
False
B
Sponges are _____ (multicellular animals), but not ______ (animals with true tissues).
Parazoa, Eumetazoans
Sponges are _________ (non-moving), _______ feeding organisms.
Sessile, filter or suspension
A Phylum of porous, ________, _________ feeding animals.
Sessile, filter or suspension
Those in phylum porifera are

1. Radially symmetrical

2. Asymmetrical

3. Bisymmetrical

4. Inversely symmetrical
1. Radially symmetrical

2. Asymmetrical
parazpa means:
multicellular organisms having less-specialized cells than in the Metazoa; comprises the single phylum Porifera
What are the characteristics of animal phyla?
animal phyla?
1. Parazoa/Eumetazoa
2. Radiata/Bilateria
3. Diploblastic/Triploblastic
4. Acoelomate/ Pseudocoelomate/ Coelomate
5. Protostome/Deuterostome
What is the difference between Parazoans and Eumetazoans?
Parazoans have no true tissue
Eumetazoans have separate layers of their endoderm and it develops into organs and its systems
What is the difference between Radiata and Bilateria (symmetry)?
Radial symmetry can have symmetry in any cross sections
Bilateral symmetry can only be symmetrical in one plane
What is the difference between Diploblastic and Triploblastic?
Diploblastic organisms only have two layers (endoderm and exoderm)
Triploblastic organims have an extra layer (mesoderm) and develops into muscles and organ systems
What is the difference between Acelomate, Pseudocoelomate, and Coelomate?
Acoelomates have no coelom which results in having no body cavities
Pseudocoelomates have a partial coelom
Coelomates have coelom which results in having body cavities
What is the difference between Protostomes and Deuterostomes?
Acoelomates have no coelom which results in having no body cavities
Pseudocoelomates have a partial coelom
Coelomates have coelom which results in having body cavities
why Porifera is animal?
multi-cellular heterotrophic organism
what defining feature put the porifera in animal?
lack of true tissues
Specialized Structures: Sponges
-where does water pass through
-past the choanocytes
Porifera contain no tissue or organs

True

False
T
______ ________ are created by the flagella on the __________that draw microscopic food particles across their net.
choanocytes, Water currents,
Choanocytes are ________ cells with collar like ring of ________ connected by microfiliaments forming a net like mesh.
flagellated, microvilli
What is the function of pores in organisms classified in the Phylum Porifera?
They enable water to enter into the central cavity by creating small openings all over the sponge's body. The water then exits from a large hole at the top.
The word "porifera" means what?
pore :opeing
fer: bearing
Organisms classified in the Phylum Porifera are complex.

A. True
B. False
F
Organisms classified in the Phylum Porifera have good regeneration.

A. True
B. False
T
Organisms classified in the Phylum Porifera have no... (three things; no caps)
tissues, organs, and distinct body design
Organisms classified in the Phylum Porifera...

A. Are asymmetrical
B. Have bilateral symmetry
C. Have radial symmetry
A
Organisms classified in the Phylum Porifera are always sessile. (sessile=do not move)

A. True
B. False
T
The cells of a sponge that are responsible for water flow and capture some particles

Myocytes.

Archaeocystes.

Choanocytes.

Pinacocytes.
Choanocytes.
how do sponges reproduce?
-sexual reproduction: hermaphrodites

-Asexual reproduction: budding/regeneration
Ctenophores posess eight bands called _____ ____ composed of long, fused ______.
comb rows, cilia
Tentaculatas are bio-luminescent.

A. True
B. False
T
in Ctenophores, what are used to swim?

A. Tentacles
B. Statocysts
C. Comb plates
Comb plates
Ctenophores posess eight comb rows composed of long, fused ______.
Cilia
What are the characteristics of the Phylum Ctenophora?
1. eumetazoan
2. diploblastic bodu
3. radial symmetry
4. eight comb of cilia
5. tentacles
comb jellies phylum
phylum ctenophara
Which of the following characteristics do CNIDARIANS exhibit?

Radial symmetry

Stinging cells

Tentacled

All of the above
All of the above
Which of the following is not true of nematocytes ?

Located on the tentacles of cnidarians

Can sting their prey by injecting it with poison

Located in the mesoglea of cnidarians

Can secrete a sticky substance that causes the prey to stick to the tentacles
Located in the mesoglea of cnidarians
Corals and jelly fish are classified together mainly because they both

Have zooxanthellae

Have stinging tentacles

Have alternation of generation

Are marine
Have stinging tentacles
Species in the phylum Cnidaria have a ____________ tissue level of organization, a ________ cavity, nerve net, ________ symmetry, and Cnidocytes with ________ used for prey capture and defense.
diploblastic, gastrovascular, radial, nematocysts
The two tissue types are ________ and _______ with _______ in between.
gastrodermis, epidermis, mesoglea
What are Cnidocytes?
Specialized cells containing nematocysts. Cnidocil is brushed and nematocysts discharge into predator.
Cnidarians possess a 2 part life cycle consisting of 2 body forms: _______ and ________
medusa, polyp
What is a gastrovascular cavity?
A blind end cavity which functions in digestion, gas exchange, metabolic waste removal, discharge of gametes, and consists of a single opening. (a mouth. no anus.)
The gastrovascular cavity is lined with ___________.
Gastrodermis
In order : Gastrovascular cavity, epidermis, mesoglea, gastrodermis. List the corresponding letters in order of the listed names.
B, A, C, D
C, A, D, B
D, C, A, B
C, A, B, D
C, A, D, B
What are sessile forms that are cylindrical, with the mouth found on the upper side and tentacles extending upward.
Polyps
Cnidarians are eumetazoan.
True False
T
If something is diploblastic, this means it is derived from what?
One tissue layer.
Two tissue layers.
Three tissue layers.
Two tissue layers.
The epidermis is the _____________?

A. External Covering
B. Internal Covering
C. The tentacles
External Covering
Cnidocytes contain structures called ____________ that are capable of injecting neurotoxins.
nematocysts
A layer of gelatinous material, ______________, is found between the internal and external layers and gives this group their soft, jelly-like feel.
mesoglea
What are umbrella shaped forms that have the mouth located on the lower side and thd tentacles extending down?
Medusa
The stinging cells are called __________?
cnidocytes
1) Cnidarians are the first animals to have true tissue making them eumetazoan.

A. True
B. False
T
3) Cnidarians are _______ meaning they have more than one body form.
polymorphic
2) The hydroids have _________ symmetry and they are __________ meaning it is derived from two tissue layers.
radial, diploblastic
4) The two body forms of cnidaria are

A. Larvae, buds
B. Medusa, polyp
C. Ectoderm, endoderm
Medusa, polyp
5) These are stinging cells

A. Pneumatocyte
B. Pinocyte
C.
Cnidocyte
radial symmetry
Organism will be cut into two identical halves by ANY axis that passes through it's center through its center
Type of symmetry present in cnidaria
radial symmetry
diploblastic
has two germ cell layers, the ectoderm and the endoderm; the two are connected by a noncellular layer called the mesoglea
Cnidaria includes organisms such as ....
Hydroids, jellyfish, corals and anemonies
Cnidarians have these cells that are responsible for stinging (NOT the organelle)
cnidocytes
DEFINE: Cnidocyte
Stinging cell found in Cnidarians
DEFINE: Nematocyst
Stinging ORGANELLE found in Cnidarians
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