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Myers Psychology for AP 2e - Unit 12

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psychological disorder

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Terms in this set (32)

psychological disorder

a syndrome marked by a clinically significant disturbance in an individual's cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior. (Adapted from American Psychiatric Association, 2013.) (Myers Psychology for AP 2e p. 651)

attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

a psychological disorder marked by the appearance by age 7 of one or more of three key symptoms: extreme inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. (Myers Psychology for AP 2e p. 652)

the concept that diseases, in this case psychological disorders, have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and, in most cases, cured, often through treatment in a hospital. (Myers Psychology for AP 2e p. 653)

the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition; a widely used system for classifying psychological disorders. (Myers Psychology for AP 2e p. 654)

anxiety disorders

psychological disorders characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety. (Myers Psychology for AP 2e p. 661)

generalized anxiety disorder

an anxiety disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal. (Myers Psychology for AP 2e p. 662)

an anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable, minutes-long episodes of intense dread in which a person experiences terror and accompanying chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensations. Often followed by worry over a possible next attack. (Myers Psychology for AP 2e p. 662)

an anxiety disorder marked by a persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object, activity, or situation. (Myers Psychology for AP 2e p. 662)

social anxiety disorder

intense fear of social situations, leading to avoidance of such. (Formerly called social phobia.) (Myers Psychology for AP 2e p. 662)

obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

a disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessions) and/or actions (compulsions). (Myers Psychology for AP 2e p. 663)

fear or avoidance of situations, such as crowds or wide-open places, where one has felt loss of control and panic. (Myers Psychology for AP 2e p. 663)

posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

a disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, numbness of feeling, and/or insomnia that lingers for four weeks or more after a traumatic experience. (Myers Psychology for AP 2e p. 664)

posttraumatic growth

positive psychological changes as a result of struggling with extremely challenging circumstances and life crises. (Myers Psychology for AP 2e p. 665)

psychological disorders characterized by emotional extremes. See major depressive disorder, mania, and bipolar disorder. (Myers Psychology for AP 2e p. 671)

major depressive disorder

a mood disorder in which a person experiences, in the absence of drugs or another medical condition, two or more weeks with fi ve or more symptoms, at least one of which must be either (1) depressed mood or (2) loss of interest or pleasure. (Myers Psychology for AP 2e p. 672)