CSD 306K Chapter 4 Part 2 - Disorders of Articulation in Adults

Articulation disorders can be caused by:
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Articulation disorders can be caused by:
- Developmental causes (from childhood)
- Structural causes (congenital or acquired)
- Neurological causes (from birth or acquired)
Describe the three types of causes of articulation disorders:
- Developmental: abnormal development with no apparent structural or neurological problem
- Structural: abnormal structure of the articulators
- Sensory/Motor Impairment: hearing impairment or neurological impairment
Example of structural causes:
Loss of teeth, glossectomy, scleroderma
Examples of neurological causes:
Motor speech disorders like dysarthria or apraxia
Both ______ ______ and ______ nerves are critical for speech production. Damage in either place can result in impaired speech production. This would be considered a ___________ cause.
motor cortex; intact; neurological
Dysarthria is defined as a speech disorder resulting from ________ control of the ________ for speech.
disturbed; muscles
Examples of diseases/illnesses that cause dysarthria:
- Parkinson disease
- ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis)
- Huntington's disease
- Stroke
- Trauma (e.g. head injury)
- Tumor
- Nerve damage
What aspects of speech production might be affected by dysarthria?
- Respiration
- Phonation
- Articulation
- Resonance
- Muscle weakness
Dysarthria results in _______ voice, ________ consonants (slurred speech), ___________, and/or abnormal _______.
weak; imprecise; hypernasality; prosody
What two forms of communication are used if speech is not intelligible?
Augmentative communication and alternative communication