World Geo Ch 18 FINAL

Terms in this set (88)

means "shore of the desert" in Arabic

a narrow band of dry grassland that runs east to west along the southern edge of the Sahara

herding and farming

People use the Sahel for ______ and ______

Desertification

expansion of dry conditions into moist areas that are next to deserts. (shift of the desert)

long term cycle

Desertification results from natures ____.

First Step of Desertification

The Sahel receives little rainfall. The vegetation lives in a fragile state, having barely enough water and food to survive.

Second Step of Desertification

Farming, overgrazing by livestock, and burning wood for fuel contribute to deforestation

Third Step of Desertification

Dry grasses die and are replaced by tougher plants like shrubs. These plants do not cover the soil as well as grass.

Fourth Step of Desertification

WIth less vegetation, any rain that falls evaporates quickly. Over the years, the wind then blocks the dry soil into a desert-like state.

By drilling oil, the Nigerian government and foreign old companies have often ___ the land and _____ the people living in the Niger Delta

Nigeria is the ___ leading oil exporter in the world.

millions of dollars to other nations

Oil prices eventually fell and the Nigerian gov. owned _____ to _____

Mismanagement poor planning corruption and a decline

_______ ______ ________ and ______ in oil prices left Nigeria poorer than before the oil boom.

More than _____ oil spills have occurred in Niger delta over the past four decades

Oil pipeline explosions killed more than 2,000 people

!998-2000 pipeline explosion killed three of ____________ sons

cooperated with corrupt government officials, started pipeline explosions.

Olusegun Obasanjo

Became Nigerian President in 1999. Distanced himself away from the military. Started many economic reforms.

Egyptians completed the first ___ on the Nile in 1902

Egypt faces environmental challenges caused by this resource.

Dam on the Nile River in Egypt, completed in 1970, increased Egypt's farmable land and protected it from drought.

The Aswan High Dam increased Egypt's farmable land by ___ percent.

Egypt shares this with Sudan, it the artificial lake created behing Aswan Dam. Stretches 300 miles.

the Aswan Dam caused peopleto be ____ including thousands of Nubians, whose life was permanently changed.

The Aswan Dam decreased the ____ of the soil around the Nile, making farmers rely on expensive fertilizers.

Rates of ___ and other diseases have increased due to the greater number of mosquitos, which thrive in the still waters of Lake Nasser and irrigation canals.

largest desert in the world

The Atlantic Ocean to the Red Sea

Sahara desert goes from the ___ to the_____

The Sahara desert goes in the direction of ___ to___

only 20 percent of the Sahara is ___

The Sahara has ____ conditions

Main transportation in Sahara desert

TRICK QUESTION: Camels can last ___ days without water

mountains rock formations and gravelly plains

most of the Sahara consists of ___ ____ and ____

underground places where water collects

when the water in aquifers rises to the surface it is called an ___.

Cancer and Capricorn

Africa lies between tropic of ___ and tropic of ___

Central America

The rainforest in _____ receives the most rain

Most of Africa has ___ or ___ rainy seasons

Uppermost layer of branches, about 150 feet above the ground. Enjoyed by birds, monkeys, and flying foxes.

Serengeti Plain

Large Topical Grassland in northern Tanzania. Covers most of Africa.

The Gaboon Viper

the largest african viper

Gaboon Viper could weigh up to __ pounds and have fangs more than __ inches long

slash-and-burn methods ____ the rainforest

Slash-and-burn is responsible for the nearly complete demolish of the ____ rainforest

Mangrove tree roots are breeding grounds for ___

equator congo basin

Rainforests are located along the ____ in the area of the ________

Much of Africa's rain forests are being lost due to the ______ farming technique

Rainforests get _____ of rainfall each year

Elephants Lions Rhinos Cape Buffalo and leopards

The Big Five are ____ ____ ____ ____ and ____`

Tropic of Cancer and Capricorn

90% of Africa is between the ______ and ____.

Nighttime in Africa is ____ while the daytime may be ___

The closer to the longer the rainy season, the closer to the ____the shorter the rainy season.

Forests of Africa located along the equator in the area of the Congo Basin.

vegetation quickly ____ in African Rainforests

Most prominent feature in Africa

Each___ spans more than 625 miles across and is as much as 5,000 ft. deep

Worlds longest river

The nile river has a ______ population density

Uganda to Sudan into Egypt

The Nile River goes from ____ to ____ into ____

north mediterranean

The nile river flows ___, and flows into _____ sea

waterfalls rapids and gorges

Africas river's contain ____ _____ and ____

Forms continents largest network of waterways, 2,900 mile long, has a series of 32 waterfalls

what is another word for waterfall

trade and transport

Meandering courses make Africas rivers difficult for _____ and ____

the land that sunk to form long, thin valleys

Lake Tanganyika

Longest freshwater lake in the world (stretches 420 miles, depth of more than 4700 ft.)

Africa contains mainly ____ mountains

One of Africa's unactive volcanoes (17,000 ft)

Mount Kilimanharo

One of Africa's unactive volcanoes, highest peak in Africa. (19,308 ft)

a steep slope with a nearly flat plateau top

Great Escarpment

The______ marks the edge of the continents plateau in Souther Africa.

South Africa is the world's largest producer of ___

stainless steel

Chromium is used in manufacturing ____-

South Africa produces nearly ___ percent of the world's platinum

South Africa produces nearly ___ percent of the world's gold

Ores and minerals

____ and ____ account for more than half of the total value of Africa's exports

Libya,Nigeria, Algeria, and Angola combine to produce over ___ percent of the worlds oil.

Libya Nigeria and Algeria

__ __ and __ are among the worlds leading petroleum producers

After oil, ___ is the most profitable commodity in Africa.

____ Africans drink coffee,

Africa grows ___ percent of the world coffee supply

Single most important economic activity in Africa

__ percent of Africans earn their living from farming

Africa's longest lake

Angola South Africa Botswana

____ ____ and ____ are high in diamons

Nigeria is high in ____ exports.

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