AP Bio Exam (Chapter 1)

A scientific hypothesis is
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Terms in this set (12)
A scientific hypothesis is
an educated guess explaining an observation
A scientific theory
is a major explanation that has been supported by many and diverse lines of evidence
for an investigator who is following the scientific method, which one of the steps would come immediately before rejecting a hypothesis
conducting a controlled, repeated manipulations of nature
what is manipulated in a controlled experiment
independent variable
what is a property shared by all life-forms on Earth
use of DNA for reproduction
The biome
extends over large regions of Earth that share similar climates and plant communities
Describe three characteristics of science as a way of knowing. Can science answer all types of questions?
1. deals with the natural world, which can be detected, observed, and measured
2.Is based on evidence from observation and/or experiments
3. is a self-correcting endeavor
NO" science is restricted to seeking natural causes to explain the workings of our world. No morals, no god or supernatural beings.
(4/5: is subject to independent validation and peer review, is open to challenge by anyone at any time on the basis of evidence.)
What does the statement "Correlation is not Causation" mean? Give an example of two variables for which you know the two are correlated but not likely the cause of the other.
Correlation means that two or more aspects of the natural world behave in an interrelated manner: if one variable shows a part. value, we can predict a part. value for the other. DOES NOT MEAN (necessarily) that oen is caused by the other
EX: incidence of skin cancer has gone up since 50s after sunscreen was introduced.
-cant say sunscreen causes cancer
-using sunscreen wrong, and made a false sense of security
Describe one observation, one hypothesis , and one experiment that led researchers to the conclusion that something in cold-water fish might be beneficial for those at risk for heart disease.
Observation: some of the lowest rates of heart disease are found amount communities that eat a lot of fish and seafood, like alaskans
Hypothesis: Fish oil in the diet reduces the risk of death from heart disease.
Experiment: Men who were diagnosed w heart disease were enrolled in a controlled exp. fish oil was the independent variable (treatment group received it)
What are the key characteristics of a scientific hypothesis?
1. educated guess that seeks to explain observed phenomena
2.makes a clear prediction that can be arranged if then
3. Must be testable repeatedly and independently
4. Must be refutable
5. Can never be proved but only supported or refuted
What is a scientific fact? How is it different from a theory?Fact is a direct and repeatable observation of any aspect of physical world. Theory is a component of scientific knowledge that has been repeatedly confirmed in diverse ways and its provisionally accepted by experts, stood the test of timeConsider a biological community that includes grasses, lions, sun-sunshine, wildebeest, and ticks, Identify producers and consumers, and arrange in chainProducers: grasses