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Chapter 6

Terms in this set (43)

Hysteria
An outdated psychiatric term once used to describe a symptom pattern characterized by emotional excitability and physical symptoms without any organic cause
Dissociative Disorders
Psychological problems characterized by dissociation
Dissociation
A disruption or breakdown in the integration of thoughts, feelings, experiences, behaviours, and/or identity in conscious awareness and memory
Repressed
Referring to memories that a person cannot call into awareness, but which remain int he person's subconscious and can be retrieved under certain conditions or with the help of a psychotherapist
False Memory Syndrome
Said to be exhibited by persons who claim to remember events that did not really take place, due to the influence of therapists who use leading questions, repeated suggestion, visualization, and hypnosis with the aim of recovering repressed memories
Dissociative Amnesia
A dissociative disorder characterized by sudden loss of memory for important autobiographical or personal information, which is not due to a neurological or other medical condition. Characterized by a sudden onset, typically in response to a traumatic event or extremely stressful experience, and by an equally sudden return of memory
Dissociative Fugue
A type of dissociative amnesia in which an individual suddenly and unexpectedly travels away from home and may take up a new identity, accompanied by a loss of memory for his or her own identity or other important biographical information
Depersonalization/Derealization Disorder
A dissociative disorder in which the individual has persistent or recurrent experiences of unreality or detachment from his/her own thoughts, feelings, bodily sensations, and/or surroundings. One's own sense of self and/or perceptions of other individuals or objects may be experienced as unreal, dreamlike, foggy, or distorted.
Depersonalization
A dissociative symptom in which one experiences a sense of unreality, detachment, or being an outside observer of one's own thoughts, feelings, bodily sensations, or actions
Derealization
A dissociative symptom in which one has a sense of unreality or detachment with respect to objects or other people in the environment, experiencing them as unreal, dreamlike, foggy or distorted
Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)
The most severe and chronic of the dissociative disorders, characterized by the existence of two or more unique personalities in a single individual. Each personality may have its own constellation of behaviour, tone of voice, and physical gestures, and so on.
Alters
Refers to each of the inure personalities in an individual who has dissociative identity disorder (DID). Alters may be very different from each other, with opposite personality traits (e.g., one very extraverted and another very introverted), and differences in the age, sex, race, and family history they claim to have
Switching
The transition from one alter to another in an individual with DID. Occurs suddenly and is often precipitated by stress or some other identifiable cue in the surrounding environment
Trauma Model
The theory that dissociative identity disorder is caused by severe childhood trauma, including sexual, physical, and emotional abuse, accompanied by personality traits that predispose the individual to employ dissociation as a defence mechanism or coping strategy
Socio-Cognitive Model
The theory that dissociative identity disorder is a form of role-playing in which individuals themselves come to construe themselves as possessing multiple selves and then begin to act in ways consistent with their or their therapist's conception of the disorder
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