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Biotest 1

Terms in this set (81)

true or false: Evolution suggests that modern apes evolved from a common ancestor not that humans evolved from apes
true
What is responsible for the powerful grip of humans?
opposable thumbs
primates are well adapted for
arboreal life
characteristics that distinguish primates from humans
A.) opposable thumbs,
B.) nails instead of claws,
C.) expanded forebrain
D.) All of the above
All of the above; opposable thumbs, nails instead of claws, and expanded forebrain are characteristics that distinguish primates from humans
Primates are characterized by:
A.) Single births
B.) Lengthy gestation
C.) extended juvenile dependency
D.) All of the above
All of the above; Primates are characterized by single births, lengthy gestation, and extended juvenile dependency
Apes and humans are classified as ____________ one of the three super families if anthropoids.
Hominoids
Distinctive feature that separates apes from hominoids...
Bipedalism
True or false: The fossil record has shown the evolution of humans to be an orderly sequence of forms from one to another
false
All human races today are classified as...
Homosapiens
True or false: If tool manufacture and use seems evident, fossils are assigned to the species homo.
True
Today, there is _______ type of homosapiens in existence.
one
True or false: Molecular data shows that DNA base-pair sequence varies more between individuals of different ethnicity.
True
Endocrine glands secrete their products into the _________.
Bloodstream
When the pancreatic juices travel from the pancreas to the pancreatic duct, the pancreas is acting as an ___________ gland.
exocrine
there are _________ types of epithelial tissue
three
a group of similar looking cells performing a function is called a __________.
tissue
the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and anus would be referred to as a(n)...
organ system
in vertebrate animals, there are _________ major types of tissues
four
Body parts are bound and supported by __________ tissue.
connective
the outer layer of skin of most animals is formed of __________ tissue.
epithelial
A single layer of flat cells would be called ____________ epithelium.
simple squamous
which is the function of connective tissue?
A.) Lost parts regeneration
B.) Fat storage
C.) Blood cell formation
D.) All of the above
All of the above; Lost parts regeneration, fat storage, blood cell formation are the functions of connective tissue
The fibroblasts of __________ tissue enlarges and stores fat which insulates and pad the body
adipose
In humans, cartilage is found __________.
A.) In the nose
B.) invertebral disks
C.) Trachea
D.) All of the above
All of the above; In humans, cartilage is found in the nose, invertebral disks, and trachea
True or false: Blood is unlike other types of connective tissue because its matrix is fluid
True
Which muscle fibers are striated?
Skeletal
Smooth muscle ____________.
A.) is found in the stomach
B.) is involuntary
C.) helps regulate body pressure
D.) all of the above
All of the above; smooth muscle is found in the stomach, is voluntary, and helps regulate blood pressure
True or false: Cardiac muslces seem to combine features of smooth and skeletal muscles.
True
Contraction of _________ muscle is under voluntary control
skeletal
Nervous tissue is present in ___________.
Nerves and Brain
Neurons are supported by a group of cells called ___________.
neuroglia
Which of the following is a function of the skin ____________?
A.) Regulation of body temperature
B.) Vitamin D synthesis
C.) protection from water loss
D.) All of the above
All of the above; regulation of body temperature, vitamin D synthesis, and protection from water loss are all functions of the skin.
What is the outer layer of the skin?
Epidermis
Hair follicles and sebaceous glands are found in the __________ layer of the skin.
dermal
The subcutaneous layer is composed of
adipose and loose connective tissue
the epidermis is composed of ___________ epithelial tissue
squamous
the major portions of the digestive and excretory system are in the ___________ cavity.
abdominal
the thoracic cavity contains the...
heart
True or False: The SOME organ systems are found in all vertebrates.
True
Tendons and ligaments contain
dense fibrous connective tissue
smooth muscle ___________.
A.) Is found in the stomach
B.) Is voluntary
C.) Helps regulate blood pressure
D.) All of the above
All of the above; smooth muscle is found in the stomach, is voluntary, and helps regulate blood pressure.
Correct order from lowest to highest level of organization
Atom, molecule, cell, tissue, organ, system
The dorsal cavity contains _________.
the brain and spinal cord
To achieve homeostasis _____________ must stay within a normal range.
A.) Body temperature
B.) pH
C.) Blood pressure
D.) All of the above
All of the above; Body temperature, pH, and blood pressure must stay within a normal range.
antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is released when blood pressure is low. ADH causes the kidneys to retain water which increases blood pressure. Then the ADH decreases, this is an example of _________ feedback.
negative
True or False: Negative feedback control results in fluctuations above and below average.
True
During labor, Oxytocin stimulates uterine contractions. Uterine contractions stimulate the continued production of Oxytocin. This is an example of ____________ feedback.
positive
True or false: Positive feedback occurs less often than negative feedback.
True
True or false: the absence of homeostasis can cause an organism to die.
true
True or false: In an open circulatory system, fluid is not always contained within vessels.
True
An open circulatory system has _________.
A.) A system of blood vessels
B.) Heart
C.) Valves to prevent backflow
D.) All of the above
All of the above; An open circulatory system has A system of blood vessels, a heart, and valves to prevent backflow.
True or false: All invertebrates have an open circulatory system.
False
Blood is carried away from the heart by ________.
arteries
True or false: Capillaries allow exchange of nutrients and waste molecules along their thin walls
True
Blood pressure is affected by constriction and dilation of _________.
arterioles
the blood pressure in arteries is ________.
High
The ___________ circuit pumps blood to tissue.
systemic
Pulmonary circulation pumps blood to _________.
lungs
A single ventricle is present in ___________.
A.) Amphibians
B.) Fish
C.) Most reptiles
D.) All of the above
All of the above; A single ventricle is present in amphibians, fish, and most reptiles
Amphibians and most reptiles have ______________.
A.) Two aorta
B.) One ventricle
C.) Pulmonary and systemic circuit
D.) All of the above
All of the above; Amphibians and most reptiles have two aorta, one ventricle, and a pulmonary and systemic circuit
The supply of oxygen to the heart can be cut off by blockage in the ____________ resulting in heart attack.
Coronary arteries
The heart is encased in a sac called the ____________ which secretes lubricating fluid.
Pericardium
True or false: Skeletal muscles contracting against veins are primarily responsible for movement of the blood in veins
True
The __________ separates the right side of the heart from the left side.
septum
the upper heart chambers which collect the blood returning to the heart are called the _________.
Atria
Where does the blood go when it leaves the right atrium?
the right ventricle
True or false: In humans, oxygenated and deoxygenated blood never mix
true
As blood leaves the left ventricle, it flows through the ______________.
aortic semilunar valve
True or false: Since the left ventricle must pump blood to the whole body, it's myocardium is much thicker than that of the right ventricle.
True
True or false: Systole refers to the contraction of the heart chambers
true
oxygen is transported by ___________.
red blood cells
A blood clot consists of_____________.
A.) platelets
B.) fibrin
C.) red blood cells
D.) all of the above
all of the above; a blood clot consists of platelets, fibrin, and red blood cells
True or false: mature red blood cells do not have a nucleus.
True
Oxygen and nutrients exit a capillary near the ___________ end.
arteriole
The diastolic pressure of an average blood pressure reading of 120/80 is ________.
80
True or false: An electrocardiogram identifies whether the heart beat is regular or not
true
The major pathway for delivery of blood to the tissues in the systemic circuit is the ____________.
aorta
The bad lipoprotein is ____________.
low density
True. Cardiovascular disease is the number two cause of death in Western countries
False. it's number 1.
Which of these increases your risk for hypertension?
A.) smoking
B.) weight gain
C.) genetic tendency
D.) all of the above
all of the above. smoking, weight gain, and genetic tendency all increase your risk for hypertension.
When a small cranial arteriole bursts or is blocked by a clot, a ___________ occurs.
stroke
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