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Pivot point cosmetology chapter 15

Key Concepts:

Terms in this set (168)

Skin's ability to permit substances like water and oxygen to pass through its tissues

Layer of oil produced in the sebaceous glands combined with moisture produced in the sweat glands; keeps the skin smooth, prevents dirt and grime from entering the outer layer of the epidermis and also prevents the skin from drying or chapping; protects the cuticle or outer covering of the hair fiberand maitains the acid balance of hair and skin.

Chronic inflammatory disorder of the sebaceous glands; occurs most often on the face, back and chest.

Condition that is brief and severe

Congenital failure of the skin to produce melanin pigment

Sensitivity that may develop from contact with normally harmless substances; symptoms of an allergy may include itching, redness, swelling and/or blisters.

Color scheme using three colors that are adjacent to each other on the color wheel

Lack of perspiration caused by fever or disease; requires medical attention

Product used to arrest or prevent the growth of microorganisms on the skin

artificial lashes

Eyelashes made from human hair or synthetic material applied to one's own lashes or in place of them for enhancement

Condition of dry, scaly skin with reduced sebum production

Permanent hair removal method; combo of galvanic qand thermolysis technology

Makeup that adds color or contour to the cheeks

Foul-smelling perspiration; also called osmidrosis

Brow/pencil powder

Makeup used to fill in or correct the shape of the eyebrows

Lesion like a vesicle, but larger; found above and below the skin; contains a clear, watery fluid.

Thickening of the epidermis,which occurs from pressure and friction applied to the skin; sometimes called hyperkeratosis or keratoma

Cluster of furuncles (BOILS) caused by an acute bacterial infection of several adjoining hair follicles

Chemical depilatory

Method of hair removal in the form of a cream, paste or powder; the main ingredient is a thioglycolic acid derivative, with an alkaline pH, that chemically softens and degrades the protein structure of the hair. PH is 14

Group of brownish macules (nonelevated spots) occuring in one place on the skin; commonly called liver spots; often occurs on the hands and face

Condition that is frequent and habitual

Skin care product applied to the face; recommended for normal or oily skin types

Cleanser aka face wash

Skin care product used to remove dirt, makeup and impurities

Draping for a skin care service

Combination skin

Recognized by the shiny "T" zone (forehead, nose and chin) and the presence at the same time of a noticeable dryness in the cheek, jawline, and hairline areas; blackheads and enlarged pores are often evident on the nose and chin.

Masses of sebum (oil) trapped in hair follicles; also called blackheads

Communicable disease

Contagious infection that can be transmitted from one person to another, usually through touch or through the air

Complementary colors

Colors found opposite of each other on the color wheel; in hair color they neutralize or cancel out one another when they are mixed together; used to neutralize unwanted tones.

Makeup used to eliminate discoloration on the skin and reduce the appearance of blemishes

Occurring at or before birth

Contagious disease

Communicable by contact; also known as a infectious or communicable disease

Outline of a figure; applying darker contour can narrow a wide jaw.

Violet, blue and green ranges of the color wheel

Cosmetic spatula

Implement used to remove cream from jars to meet infection control guidelines.

Dried masses that are the remains of an oozing sore; the scab on a sore is an example of a crust.

Inflammatory disorder of the skin

Dermatitis venenata

Allergic reaction to certain cosmetics or chemicals; sometimes referred to as contact dermatitis

Study of the skin, its structure, functions, diseases and treatment.

Underlying , or inner layer of the skin; also called derma, curium, cutis or true skin; made up of connective tissues; the sweat (sudoriferous) glands, oil (sebaceous glands), TRUE SKIN

Diamond-shaped facial shape

Elongated and angular; its widest area is at the cheekbones, while the forehead and chin are narrow. Least common facial shape

Characterized by signs such as peeling and flaking; chaps easily and has a general, all-over taut feeling; has fewer blemishes and is not prone to acne.

Inflammation of the skin characterized by dry or moist lesions; requires medical attention.

Light, gliding massage strokes or circular manipulations made with the palms of the hands or pads of the fingertips; often used to begin and /or end a treatment; often used on the face, neck and arms because of its gentleness.

Permanent method of hair removal that uses electric current to damage the cells of the papilla and disrupt hair growth; usually performed by a licensed professional called an electrologist.

Outermost layer of the skin; also referred to as cuticle or scarf skin (super thin)

Mechanical abrasions or injuries to the epidermis; e.g., scratches to the surface of the skin

Elimination of sweat, salt and wastes through the skin or other excretory organs, thereby removing toxins from the body's internal systems

Makeup used to accentuate the shape and color of the eye; also contours

Process of applying individual synthetic lashes to the client's own lashes

Makeup used to accentuate and define the shape of the eye

Analysis, cleansing, exfoliation, massage and treatment of the face

Solution applied to the skin to hydrate, tighten pores or draw out excess oil; includes clay/mud, cream, gel, modeling and paraffin (warm wax)

Makeup product primarily designed to set other makeup products so that they last longer without fading, streaking or rubbing off

Machine that sprays warm, humid mist on skin to open follicles for cleansing

Cracks in the skin; e.g., chapped lips

Cluster of cells in the upper layer of the skin; tubelike pocket called the root sheath, where the hair is located and grows from

Makeup used to create an even skin tone and uniform surface

Circular or wringing movement with no gliding used on the scalp or with a facial when less pressure is desired; applied with the fingertips or palms; a way in which the hair cuticle can be damaged by combing and brushing

Boils; appear in the dermis and the epidermis and are caused by an acute infection

Galvanic electrolysis

Multiple needle method of permanent hair removal

Applied to the face to calm and soothe sensitive skin STATE QUESTION

Organs in the body by which certain substances are separated from the blood and changed into some secretion for use in the body, such as oil(sebaceous gland).

Heart-shaped face (triangle)

Long and angular; chin area is sometimes elongated and pointed, while forehead is wide

Contagious, chronic condition characterized by a single vehicle or group of vesicles, on a red, swollen base; usually appears on the lips, nostrils or other parts of the face; aka fever blister

High frequency machine

Machine used to create current that is thermal, or heat producing, and germicidal for treatment of the skin

Hypertrichosis; superfluous hair; abnormal coverage of hair oh areas of the body where normally only lanugo hair appears

Name of a color; identifies the warmth or coolness of a color; tone

Ability to keep the skin soft and supple and maintain moisture through water

Overproduction of perspiration caused by excessive heat or general body weakness; requires medical attention

Hyperpigmentation

Condition caused by over-activity of the melanocytes in the epidermis

Hirsuties or superfluous hair; abnormal coverage of hair on areas of the body where normally only lanugo hair appears

Refers to new growths of skin; overgrowths of skin e.g. Mole, skin tag, callous

Highly contagious bacterial infection that produces a honey-yellow, crusted lesion, usually on the face

Objective symptom characterized by redness, pain, swelling and/or increased temp

Equipment that provides a soothing heat that penetrates into the tissues of the body; softens the skin to allow penetration of product and increased blood flow

Refers to the vividness, brightness or saturation of a color within its own level; strength of the tone

Process whereby cells change their shape, dry out and form keratin protein; once keratinized, the cells that form the hair fiber or strand are no longer alive

Laser hair removal

Permanent hair removal method that uses wavelengths of light to diminish or destroy hair bulbs

A type of macula that is larger and darker than a freckle; the plural form is lentigines.

Abnormal change in the structure of an organ or tissue

Describes hypopigmentation (lack of pigmentation) of the skin caused by a decrease in activity of melanocytes

Makeup used to add color to lips; imparts a shiny appearance to the lips; generally has less concentration of color than lipstick; has moistuturizing properties

Makeup used to define natural shape of the lips or correct the shape

Makeup used to add color and texture to the lips

Discoloration appearing on the skin's surface; a freckle is an example of a macule

Magnifying lamp

Provides thorough examination of skin's surface using magnification and glare-free light

Application of products that add color, highlights, contours, and other enhancements to the face

Makeup used to define, lengthen and thicken the eyelashes

Systematic, therapeutic method of manipulating the body by rubbing, pinching, tapping, kneading, stroking with the hands, fingers or an instrument

Pigment that gives skin and hair their color

Pigment producing cells that exist among the dividing cells within the hair bulb

Term used to describe any hyperpigmentation caused by overactivity of the melanocytes in the epidermis

Bundles of melanocytes that rest near the hair bulb's nourishment center, the dermal papilla

Caused by the accumulation of hardened sebum beneath the skin; also called whiteheads

Acute eruption of small red vesicles with burning and itching of the skin caused by excessive heat; an inflammatory disorder of the sudriferous glands; prickly heat

Applied to the face in a thick consistency; hardens to a rubber-like consistency and is pulled from the face in one piece; locks in moisture and creates a taut feeling

Skin care product used to replenish moisture/oil and protect skin

Small brown pigmented spot on the skin that may be raised; hair often grown through moles, but should not be removed, unless advised by a physician

Color scheme using the same color throughout

Birthmark or a congenital mole; reddish purple flat mark; caused by dilation of the small blood vessels in the skin

Characterized by a fresh and healthy color, a firm, moist and smooth texture, freedom from blackheads and blemishes, and does not appear oily.

Objective symptom

Sign of a disorder or a disease that is visible e.g., implies or inflammation

Oblong (rectangle) facial shape

Long, narrow and angular; jawline is wide and almost horizontal

Condition that has an all-over shiny look and/ or rough texture with blackheads and enlarged pores

Oval facial shape

Rounded, long and narrow rather than wide and short; no dominant areas

Hair structure filled with capillaries (small blood vessels) that supplies nourishment to the cells around it, called germinal matrix cells

Papillary canal

Skin structure that secretes oil (sebum) onto the surface of the skin

Hardened red elevations of the skin in which no fluid is present; a pimple without pus is an example of a papule

Study of disease

Pear-shaped (trapezoid) facial shape

Most often elongated, with a forehead that is narrow and a jaw that is the widest area of the face

Light or heavy kneading and rolling of the muscles; performed by kneading muscles between the thumb and fingers or by pressing the palm of the hand imply over the muscles, grasping/squeezing with the heel of the hand and fingers; faces, arms, shoulders, back

Photo-epilation light

Permanent hair removal method using an intense pulsed light beam creating a burst of energy used to destroy hair bulbs with minimal scarring; aka pulsed light

Pigmentation abnormalities

Conditions of too much color or too little color in a particular area of the skin

Skin's function; shields the body from the direct impact of heat, cold, bacteria and other aspects of the environment that could be detrimental to one's health

Round, dry patches of skin, covered with rough, silvery scales; condition is chronic and not contagious

Small elevations of skin similar to vesicles in size and shape, but containing pus; a pimple with pus is an example of a pustule

Skin's ability to help maintain the body's temperature

Chronic inflammatory congestion of the cheeks and nose, observed as redness, with papules and sometimes pustules present; also called acne rosacea

Round facial shape

Looks circular; appears to be rather short and wide rather than long and narrow

In hair design, establishing the lines of the design, carving shapes in the proper predetermined size and proportion; also known as section, in skin,shedding dead cells of the uppermost layer of the epidermis

Formations resulting from a lesion, which extend into the dermis or deeper, as part of the normal healing process; keloids are thick scars

Seasonal disease

Disease influenced by the weather

Sebaceous glands

Oil glands; partially controlled by the nervous system; sac-like glands that are attached to hair follicles; result in oily skin when an over-abundance of sebum is produced by the glands

Condition caused by excessive secretion of the sebaceous glands

Complex secretion contains a high percentage of fatty oil substance

Secondary skin lesion

Abnormal change in skin structure that appears as a disease progresses into the later stages of development

Feeling generated by the nerve ending just under the outer layer of the skin that makes you aware of heat, cold, touch, pain and pressure; the reaction to a sensation is called a reflex.

Hue with black added

Hair removal method using an electric shave, clippers or razor.

Largest organ of the body,, covers nearly 20 square feet of the body surface; contains nerve endings for sense of touch; protects the body from invasion by upside particles; aids in elimination of body wastes

Small elevated growth of skin

Sun protection factor; rating system for sunscreen to determine how long one can stay out in the sun without burning

Cells with a flat, scale-like appearance; found in the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet (stratum lucidum)

Square facial shape

Short and wide; looks angular with straight lines

Sebaceous cyst or wen; a subcutaneous tumor of the sebaceous gland,filled with sebum

Stratum corneum

Uppermost layer of the epidermis; the toughest layer,composed of keratin protein cells that are continually shed and continually replaced by new cells from below

Stratum Germinativum

Lowest level of epidermis where mitosis or cell division takes place; begins with the stratum basale or basal cell layer,which is a single layer thick

Stratum granulosum

Layer of the epidermis below the stratum lucidum and above that stratum spinosum; in this layer the cells become more regularly shaped and look like tiny granules

stratum lucidum

Layer of epidermis just below the stratum corneum; it is the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet, where there are no hair follicles

stratum spinosum

Layer of the epidermis just above the germinativum; sometimes considered part of the germinativum; includes cells that have absorbed melanin to distribute pigmentation to other cells

Subcutaneous layer (tissue)

Fatty layer below dermis of skin; protective cushion for skin; acts as shock absorber to protect the bones and to help support the delicate structures such as blood vessels and nerve endings; adipose layer

Subjective symptoms

Sign of a disorder or disease that is felt but not necessarily visible; for example, itching, burning

Sudoriferous glands

Controlled by the nervous system of the body; each gland consists of a coiled base and tube-like duct opening on the surface of the skin to form sweat pore; control and regulate body temps; excrete waste products; help to maintain the acidic pH factor of the skin

Hair removal technique that uses a paste made primarily of sugar applied to the skin in a rolling motion

Area of the face consisting of the chin, nose, nasal-labial groove and forehead; skin in the t-zone may be prone to oily residue

Light tapping or slapping movement applied with the fingers or partly flexed fingers; used on the arms, back and shoulders; also called percussion or hacking

High frequency/short wave method of permanent hair removal

Type of hair removal that utilizes 100 percent cotton thread that is twisted and rolled along the surface of the skin

Medical term for ringworm; red, circular patch of small blisters, caused by a vegetable parasite

Hue with white added

Identifies the warmth or coolness of a color; name of a color, hue

In skin care, product used to purify the skin and restore pH

Color scheme using three colors located in a triangular position on the color wheel

Large papule;; hardened red elevation of the skin with no fluid present

Solid masses in the skin; may be soft or hard; may be fixed or freely movable; generally have a rounded shape; nodule is a small tumor

Small metal implement used to remove hair; also used to manage detail work such as nail art

Hair removal method that uses tweezers; process commonly used to remove unwanted hair from smaller areas, such as eyebrows, chin or around the mouth

Open lesion visible on the skin surface that may result in the loss of portions of the dermis and may be accompanied by pus

Creates mild suction; increases circulation to the surface,helpful in deep pore cleaning

Degree of lightness or darkness of a color; aka level

Fluid filled elevation in the skin caused by localized accumulation of fluids or blood just below the epidermis

Shaking movement; your arms shake as you touch the client with your fingertips or palms

Characterized by oval or irregular patches of white skin that do not have normal pigment

Aka verruca caused by virus can be contagious and can spread all over the body

Temp. Hair removal method of applying ho or cold wax to skink allowing the wax to adhere to the skin and finally pulling of the wax/hair

Solid formation above the skin, often caused by an insect bite or allergic reaction; e.g. Hives

Lamp with ultraviolet light used for analysis of the skin surface and deeper layers to aid in determining skin treatment

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