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01 - Viticulture

Terms in this set (11)

What are three major soil nutrients required by grapevines?
Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), and Potassium (K), (p9).
What is the difference between a species, a clone, and a variety of grape?
Species - Within the genus vinifera, only vitis vinifera is used on a widescale for wine production.
Clone - vines decended from a single plant, by cutting.
Variety - a sub-species of grape. (p9).
What is the correct progression of the following during the grapevine's annual cycle?
Berry Set, Bud Break, Flowering, Harvest, Shoot and Leaf Growth, Verasion
Bud Break,
Shoot and Leaf Growth,
Flowering,
Berry Set,
Verasion,
Harvest (p10).
What are the inputs and products of photosynthesis?
Inputs: sunlight, CO2, water
Products: Sugar, O2 (p10c2)
What is the temperature range during which photosynthesis can occur?
50-95 degrees Farenheight. (Extremes). Optimally, 70-85-degrees F. (p10.)
What are the differences between a macroclimate, a mesoclimate, and a microclimate?
Macroclimate = Region
Mesoclimate = The Vineyard
Microclimate = The Vine (p11)
What soil pest spreads fan leaf virus?
Nematodes - Xiphinema index. (p13c2)
How does phylloxera damage a vine?
When feeding on vine roots, phylloxera injects saliva that causes the development of galls. Feeding wounds also allow bacteria and fungi to invade the vine and rot the root.
What attributes does a balanced vine possess?
1) Shoot length is between 3-4 feet long, before it stops naturally on its own without hedging.
2) Shoot density is sparse enough that most, if not all, of the leaves are in the sun for a good % of the day.
3) Shoot girth is smaller than the width of your little finger.
4) There are few, if any laterals, on the shoots.
5) Berry size is small for that variety (because the shoot length stopped on its own, p12).
What are some of the differences between sustainable, organic, and biodynamic viticultural practices?
Organic - forgoes all synthetics; allows the application of natural in-organic materials like sulfer and copper that can lead to soil toxicity. The planet is an ecosystem.
Biodynamic - Quasi-religious. The universe is your ecosystem. Phases of austrology are used to govern vineyard practices.
Sustainable - Forgos black/white rules to find the best overall solution. (p15-16)
Who is the father of biodynamic viticultural practices
Austrian, Rudolf Steiner (in 1929)
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