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PC3-Quick Hits

Terms in this set (36)

The L3 nerve root:
Pain?
Sensory?
Motor?
DTR?
Pain-medial thigh
Sensory- medial thigh
Motor- hip flexors
DTR- none
The L4 nerve root:
Pain?
Sensory?
Motor?
DTR?
Pain-medial lower leg
Sensory- medial lower leg
Motor- quads
DTR- knee
The L5 nerve root:
Pain?
Sensory?
Motor?
DTR?
Pain-anterior tibia, 1st toe
Sensory- medial foot
Motor- extensor hallicus longus
DTR- biceps femoris
The S1 nerve root:
Pain?
Sensory?
Motor?
DTR?
Pain- calf and little toe
Sensory-lateral foot
Motor-plantar flexors
DTR-achilles
Leads II, III, aVF
Inferior leads
RCA
Leads I, avL, V2-V4
anterior leads
LAD
Leads V1-V3
Posterior leads
RCA and circumflex
ST depression and tall upright R&T waves
Leads I, avL, V5, V6
Lateral leads
Diagonal LAD and circumflex
Noninflammatory joint fluid
Volume >3.5 mL
Clarity: transparent
Color: yellow
WBC: <2000
PMN <25%
Culture: neg
DDX: DJD and trauma
Inflammatory joint fluid
Volume >3.5 mL
Clarity: transparent to opaque
Color: yellow to opalescent
WBC: 2000-75,000
PMN ≥50%
Culture: neg
DDX: RA, gout, reactive arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatic fever, TB
Purulent joint fluid
Volume >3.5 mL
Clarity: opaque
Color: yellow-green
WBC: >100,000
PMN ≥75%
Culture: pos
DDX: pyogenic bacterial infections
Where is the CVA? vertigo, vomiting, ataxia, nystagmus
POSTERIOR: vertebral
Where is the CVA? ipsilateral blindness
carotid
Where is the CVA? contralateral hemiplegia, hemisensory loss in face and arm, homonymous hemianopsia, possible aphasia
MCA
Where is the CVA? contralateral arm weakness, contralateral sensory loss in leg, urinary incontinence, confusion
ACA
Where is the CVA? agnosia, contralateral homonymous hemianopia and visual hallucinations
posterior cerebral
Where is the CVA? bilateral sensory weakness, cerebellar dysfunction, CN dysfunction, paralysis, impaired vision
basilar artery
Lacunar infarct?
-h/o HTN
-hemiparesis of arm, leg, foot, toes
-dysarthria
What is Broca's aphasia?
-frontal gyrus
-expressive aphasia
-broken speech
What is Wernicke's aphasia?
-temporal gyrus
-receptive aphasia
-word salad
normochromic anemia with increased ferritin
anemia of chronic disease
how to monitor iron therapy in iron deficiency anemia
reticulocyte count increased in 7-10 day
Cooley's anemia
beta-thalessemia major- presents ≥6 months of age when Hgb F goes away
TX: splenectomy, transfusion, folic acid
Anemia due to mitochondrial defect
sideroblastic anemia
Causes of sideroblastic anemia
inherited, alcoholism, lead poisoning
Anemia with pancytopenia
aplastic anemia
Reed sternberg cells
Hodgkins lymphoma
SMUDGE cells
CLL
Philadelphia chromosome
CML
Bence Jones Proteins
multiple myeloma
Every cell possible in peripheral blood
CML
H/o past malignancy
AML
AUER rods
AML
Mainly B cell lymphoma
Nonhodgkins lymphoma
thrombocytopenia, micro-angiopathic anemia, CNS abnormality, fever, renal dysfunction
TTP
post-op bleeding
hemophilia C (factor XI)
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