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EVRN 148 Ch 4 populations and communities questions

Terms in this set (37)

all of the following are examples of biological limiting factor that can constrain the growth of an organism except
a lack of sunlight
what are the major types of physical limiting factors to life?
extreme temperatures, lack of moisture, and lack of nutrients (all of the above)
which of the following would stress an organisms that lives in a warm desert environment
weather that is much hotter or colder than usual
which of the following best describes a population?
a group of organisms of the same species that live in a specific area in a given geological period
if a population has 250 births, 247 deaths, 12 immigrants, and 5 emigrants over 1 year, what is the population growth rate?
10 per year
why is the following scenario wrong? a population of 100 grows by 3 in a year, resulting in an annual growth rate of 3%. in subsequent years, the population will continue to grow at a rate of 3% per year, yielding an additional 3 animals per year (for example, 106, 109, 112, 115, 118, and so on)
a growth rate of 3% will not add 3 animals per year to a population. it will add 3% of the existing population to the total
which of the following are characteristics of an organism that gives birth to a small number of offspring?
the young are dependent on their parents early in life, most of the young survive into adulthood, they are described as "k-selected" animals (all of the above)
which of the following characteristics describe a type I survivorship curve?
low death rates at younger ages, most individuals survive until adulthood, and characteristics of humans (all of the above)
which of the following resources could influence carrying capacity
space available for gracing, availability fo water, and presence of prey (all of the above)
what are the major differences between a population that is experiencing logistic growth and one that is experiencing exponential growth?
when a population experiences logistic growth, it will eventually level off as it reaches carrying capacity; when a population experiences exponential growth, it will increase at a steady rate indefinitely
of the following examples, which one best represents a state change in an ecosystem?
soil becomes increasingly shady over many years of grazing
which of the following examples is a good description of a community?
different populations living close enough together to interact
fill in the blanks: infraspecific competition occurs when members of __ species compete for __ resources(s)
the same; the same
read the following definition of nice utilization and choose the term that best describes this organism: lives in a forest, grassland, or human-dominated setting and feeds on varied of different food types
generalist
which of the following scenarios best represents a mutualistic interaction
birds called oxpeckers land on zebras and eat parities off their backs, providing food for the oxpecker and pest protection for the zebra
which of the following is not an organism "level in the trophic structure?
obtainers
in a system with three trophic levels starting with the input of 200 calories, roughly how many calories would be left by the top trophic level
2
what is the best definition of a keystone species
a species that has a disproportionately important role in the food web
do natural disturbances harm ecosystems?
no, a disturbance is often essential to the long-term and functioning of an ecosystem
which of the following organisms would you most likely find on a hawaiian lava field
microbes that need few nutrients
all of the following would result in secondary succession except
a fire ravaging a forest in rocky mountain national park
which of the following cases best describes a resilient community
a population of exotic plants is all but diminished by deforestation; however, it rebounds quickly the following spring, and within a year the population returns to approximately its original numbers
of the following populations, which one best demonstrates a high degree of ecological resistance after a hurricane along a coast?
a population of trees that was slightly damaged but had a very low overall morality rate
which of the following best describes an endemic species
a native species found in only one specific location
what differentiates a non-native species from an invasive species?
when a species has been introduces to a new place but causes little damage, it is called non-native; when the non-native species begins to outcompete native species and cause ecological or economic impacts, it is deemed invasive
which of the following invasions might cause important economic impacts?
all of the above
which of the following is an example of the use of biocontrol?
south american weevils are introduces to lake victoria to help eradicate the invasive water hyacinth
a densely-forested area provides enough shelter and water for apps 50 bears. if 30 bears move into this region and the population grows to 50, which of the following would be the best description of that growth pattern?
logistic
a small population of coyotes live in a desert habitat...
it will grow exponentially
in 2001, a small population of mice...
it would show an increase in the population in 2001 and a flat line in 2002
a herd of deer are introduced to an isolated island...
the deer will continue to stay in the area...soil erosion... ecosystem is likely to be permanently changed
which of the following ecosystems is likely to have the largest carrying capacity
the serengeti plain, in southern africa
an invasive plant is introduced to a small stream...
the ecosystem will br less resilient...
the cones of some coniferous trees...
trees exploiting resources after competition is removes
the northern-most area...
the removal of a constraint on a group of organisms
some coral reefs are protected...
resilient, because the ecosystem was able to return to its predisturbance state fairly quickly
marine sponges and a microbe...
the interaction would likely become commensalistic because the cyanobacteria would continue to benefit from living on the sponge, but the sponge would not gain anything or be hurt by the bacteria (aside from the loss the nutrients that the sponges have been receiving)
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