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Dermatology

Terms in this set (40)

androgenic alopecia treatment
Finasteride
Psoriasis
Chronic skin condition producing red lesions covered with silvery scales
Caused by CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes
Psoriasis skin changes
- Keratinocytes proliferation
- Angiogenesis
- Inflammation
- Loss of stratum granulosum
- High mitotic rang in the basal layer
Psoriasis topical TX
steroid (betametasone), vitD analogue (calcipotriene),
Ecthyma gangrenosum
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- Seen in febrile neutropenia
- Perivascular invasion of pseudomona
- Skin patches with Necrosis and ulceration
Xeroderma pigmentosum
AR; defect in nicking by endonuclease in DNA repair; ↑ risk for UVB light cancers
Breslow's depth
linear invasion of lesion. Tumor thickness. Most important determinant of prognosis for melanoma.
From epidermal granular cell layer
graft versus host disease
donor T cell activation. Maculopapular rash, heme-positive diarrhea, high LFTs
Chediak-Higashi syndrome
Defect in ability to fuse phagosome with lysosome
- Albinism
- Immunodeficiency
- neurological defects
delayed hypersensitivity
T cell-mediated inflammatory reaction
Sensitization phase
Elicitation phase
Urushiol
The toxic element of poison ivy that cause contact dermatitis with an hapten
viral thymidine kinase dependent antivirals
- acyclovir
- valacyclovir
- ganciclovir
- famcyclovir

+ Changes or absence in this enzymes cause resistance
melanoma metastasis
- Brain
- Liver
- Lung
- Bone
Bacillary angiomatosis
Bartonella henselae; vascular infection in AIDS

- Red purple papular skin lessions
actinic keratosis
a precancerous skin growth that occurs on sun-damaged skin
- Hyperkeratosis
- Parakeratosis
- Atypical keratinocytes
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
defects in collagen synthesis and structure; hyperelasticity

Procollagen peptidase deficiency
Vitamin B3 (Niacin)
Tryptophan Derivative, constituent of NAD+/NADP+
Synthesis requires B6
- D dementia
- D diarrhea
- D dermatitis
Coenzymes that needs vit b3
Isocitrate dehydrogenase
Malate dehydrogenase
Alpha ketoglutarte dehydrogenase
seborrheic dermatitis
an inflammation that causes scaling and itching of the upper layers of the skin or scalp
Hyperkeratosis and keratin containing cyst
Atopic dermatitis (eczema)
Intense itching and skin inflammation
IgE dependent and eosinophilia
Skin Filaggrin defects
Bullous pemphigoid
Hemidesmosomes autoantibiodies
- Located in the dermoepidermic union
- Tense blisters
- More common in the elderly
- IgG
- Subepidermal, non acantholytic blisters in hystology
Pemphigus vulgaris
Desmosome autoantibodies
- Acatholysis
- Flaccid bullae
- Nikolsky sign
- Common in middle age or elderly
- Affects mucose
Vitiligo cause
Autoimmune, decreased number of melanocytes and melanin
Melanoma genetic cause
BRAF protein kinase inhibition, upregulates melanocyte proliferation
Terbinafine
Inhibites squalene epoxidase
- Inhibits ergosterol synthesis
Pseudomona aeruginosa treatment
Ceftazidime
Cefepime
Dermatitis herpetiformis
- Vesicles, papules, bullae
- Extensor surfaces, bilateral
- IgA antibodies against gliadin
- Microabscess with fibrin an neutrophils in the dermal tips
- Associated with celiac disease
Spongiosis
Hystological sign of acute allergic contact dermatitis
Inflammatory acne
Inflammatory process in the holocrine sebaceus glands of the skin
Langerhans
Cells that participate in immune responses in the skin
Skin Aging
Caused by UVA (damages dermis)
Decreased fibril production by collagen
- Increased collagen cross-linking
- Dermal atrophy
- Dissection of stratum corneum
Erythema multiforme
vesicles and bullae; bullseye appearance
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
Cuased by exfoliative toxins
- Fever
- Pain
- Epidermal necrolysis
Pityriasis versicolor
A common fungal infection that causes small, discolored patches of skin.
Affects stratum corneum
KOH spaghetti and meatballs
Most common benign vascular tumors
Children- strawberry hemangiomas
Adults- cherry hemangiomas
nevi (nevus)
mole, clump of melanocytes, tan to brown color, flat or raised
- junctional: in the dermoepidermal junction
- compound: melanocytes invade dermis
- intradermal: epidermal nests are lost and affects only dermis
Asboe-Hansen's sign
pressure on a vesicle or bullae causes extension of the blister
Histology of VZV
Giant multinucleated cells
Intranuclear inclussions
Malignancy related to lymphedema
Angiosarcoma
Most common complication in herpes zoster
Postherpetic neuralgia
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