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hamilton's economic plan

Terms in this set (51)

Hamilton's economic plan
1790-1791: tries to stable American finances. 1) Assumption of State debts 2) Creation of a National Bank 3) Promotion of the manufacturing industry. First two are passed. Federalists support all of Hamilton's ideas, but Republicans think Hamilton is trying to make America more like England, which they believe is corrupt.
federalists vs. democrat -republicans(issues)
Democratic repubs- Backed by southern farmers mostly, lead by jefferson and madison. Worried federalists would concentrate power and money. they believed the demo. repub party would offer social mobility
Marbury v.madison
This case establishes the Supreme Court's power of Judicial Review
Louisiana purchase
1803 purchase of the Louisiana territory from France. Made by Jefferson, this doubled the size of the US.
alien and sedition acts
(1798) laws passed by a Federalist-dominated Congress aimed at protecting the government from treasonous ideas, actions, and people
virginia and Kentucky resolutions
Resolutions passed in 1798 that attacked the Alien and Sedition Acts as being unconstitutional
xyz affairs
incident in which french agents attempted to get a bribe and loans from US diplomatsin exchange for an agreement that French privateers would no longer attack American ships; it led to an undeclared naval war between the 2 countries
Washington's farewell address
-Washington retired from office after his 2nd term in 1797. His Farewell Address is actually a letter. In it he reacted sharply to Republicans, by warning against international entanglements (more specifically, denouncing against the Republicans that had been conspiring with the French to frustrate the Federalist diplomatic program.and against the dangers of permanent alliances with foreign nations. (Ex. The Jay Treaty)Warned against sectionalism (Ex: put down the Whiskey Rebellion). Temporary alliances wouldn't be quite as dangerous, but they should be made only in "extraordinary emergencies". He also spoke against partisan bitterness. (Federalist and Republican parties) 1775-1825
war of 1812
(JM), 1812-1815, Resulted from Britain's support of Indian hostilities along the frontier, interference with American trade, and impressments of American sailors into the British army (Leopard on Chesapeake) (1812 - 1815), Embargo Act
nationalism
A sense of unity binding the people of a state together; devotion to the interests of a particular country or nation, an identification with the state and an acceptance of national goals.
sectionalism
Different parts of the country developing unique and separate cultures (as the North, South and West). This can lead to conflict.
Monroe doctrine
1823 - Declared that Europe should not interfere in the affairs of the Western Hemisphere and that any attempt at interference by a European power would be seen as a threat to the U.S. It also declared that a New World colony which has gained independence may not be recolonized by Europe. (It was written at a time when many South American nations were gaining independence). Only England, in particular George Canning, supported the Monroe Doctrine. Mostly just a show of nationalism, the doctrine had no major impact until later in the 1800s.
Missouri compromise
"Compromise of 1820" over the issue of slavery in Missouri. It was decided Missouri entered as a slave state and Maine entered as a free state and all states North of the 36th parallel were free states and all South were slave states.
indian removal act
(1830) Signed by President Andrew Jackson, the law permitted the negotiation of treaties to obtain the Indians' lands in exchange for their relocation to what would become Oklahoma.
Mexican American war
1846 - 1848 - President Polk declared war on Mexico over the dispute of land in Texas. At the end, American ended up with 55% of Mexico's land.
Gadsden purchase
1853 purchase by the United States of southwestern lands from Mexico
treaty of Guadalupe hidalgo
(1848) treaty signed by the U.S. and Mexico that officially ended the Mexican-American War; Mexico had to give up much of its northern territory to the U.S (Mexican Cession); in exchange the U.S. gave Mexico $15 million and said that Mexicans living in the lands of the Mexican Cession would be protected
Seneca falls convention
(1848) the first national women's rights convention at which the Declaration of Sentiments was written
Lowell system
dormitories for young women where they were cared for, fed, and sheltered in return for cheap labor, mill towns, homes for workers to live in around the mills
nullifcation
an action by a state that cancels a federal law to which the state objects
abolition
A person who wanted to end slavery in the United States
compromise of 1850
(1) California admitted as free state, (2) territorial status and popular sovereignty of Utah and New Mexico, (3) resolution of Texas-New Mexico boundaries, (4) federal assumption of Texas debt, (5) slave trade abolished in DC, and (6) new fugitive slave law; advocated by Henry Clay and Stephen A. Douglas
fugitive slave law
Enacted by Congress in 1793 and 1850, these laws provided for the return of escaped slaves to their owners. The North was lax about enforcing the 1793 law, with irritated the South no end. The 1850 law was tougher and was aimed at eliminating the underground railroad.
Kansas Nebraska act
1854 - Created Nebraska and Kansas as states and gave the people in those territories the right to chose to be a free or slave state through popular sovereignty.
anaconda plan
Union war plan by Winfield Scott, called for blockade of southern coast, capture of Richmond, capture Mississippi R, and to take an army through heart of south
Gettysburg
A large battle in the American Civil War, took place in southern Pennsylvania from July 1 to July 3, 1863. The battle is named after the town on the battlefield. Union General George G. Meade led an army of about 90,000 men to victory against General Robert E. Lee's Confederate army of about 75,000. Gettysburg is the war's most famous battle because of its large size, high cost in lives, location in a northern state, and for President Abraham Lincoln's Gettysburg Address.
radical republican
After the Civil War, a group that believed the South should be harshly punished and thought that Lincoln was sometimes too compassionate towards the South.
civil war
1945-1949 Immediately after the War of Resistance ended, the Nationalists and Communists fought for control of China. Though the Nationalists appeared to have the upper hand, their support crumbled due to economic troubles and corruption. The Communists' base grew, and they took control in 1949.
reconstruction
the period after the Civil War in the United States when the southern states were reorganized and reintegrated into the Union
emancipation proclamation
(AL) , Issued by abraham lincoln on september 22, 1862 it declared that all slaves in the confederate states would be free
homestead act
1862 - Provided free land in the West to anyone willing to settle there and develop it. Encouraged westward migration.
promontory point
Located in Utah, it is the point where the Union Pacific and Central pacific railroads met to connect the atlantic and pacific states.
morrill land grant act
of 1862, in this act, the federal government had donated public land to the states for the establishment of college; as a result 69 land- grant institutions were established.
transcontinental railroad
Completed in 1869 at Promontory, Utah, it linked the eastern railroad system with California's railroad system, revolutionizing transportation in the west
nativism
A policy of favoring native-born individuals over foreign-born ones.
monopoly
(economics) a market in which there are many buyers but only one seller
glided age
Term coined by Mark Twain, used to describe a time of both tremendous wealth and poverty in the late 1800's.
laissez faire
(USG) , the doctrine that government should not interfere in commercial affairs
Sherman anti-trust act
First federal action against monopolies, it was signed into law by Harrison and was extensively used by Theodore Roosevelt for trust-busting. However, it was initially misused against labor unions
Pendleton act
1883 law that created a Civil Service Commission and stated that federal employees could not be required to contribute to campaign funds nor be fired for political reasons
imperialism
A policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries poitically, socially, and economically.
sphere of influence
A foreign region in which a nation has control over trade and other economic activities.
yellow journalism
Journalism that exploits, distorts, or exaggerates the news to create sensations and attract readers
Spanish American war
In 1898, a conflict between the United States and Spain, in which the U.S. supported the Cubans' fight for independence
Roosevelt corollary
(TR) , Roosevelt's 1904 extension of the Monroe Doctrine, stating that the United States has the right to protect its economic interests in South And Central America by using military force, first put into effect in Dominican Republic
triangle shirtwaist fire
(1911) 146 women killed while locked into the burning building (brought attention to poor working conditions)
progressive party
Also known as the "Bull Moose Party", this political party was formed by Theodore Roosevelt in an attempt to advance progressive ideas and unseat President William Howard Taft in the election of 1912. After Taft won the Republican Party's nomination, Roosevelt ran on the Progressive party ticket.
Plessey v. ferguson
Court case upholding the constitutionality of racial segregation even in public accommodations (particularly railroads), under the doctrine of "separate but equal"
clayton anti-trust act
1914 legislation that defined those actions in which businesses could not engage; also declared that unions could not be legally attacked as trusts.
jim crow laws
State laws in the South that legalized segregation.
great migration
(WW) , movement of over 300,000 African American from the rural south into Northern cities between 1914 and 1920
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