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digestive system

Terms in this set (77)

Gastrointestinal tract
is an organ system within humans and other animals which takes in food, digests it to extract and absorb energy and nutrients, and expels the remaining waste as feces.
Oral cavity
the cavity of the mouth; especially : the part of the mouth behind the gums and teeth that is bounded above by the hard and soft palates and below by the tongue and by the mucous membrane connecting it with the inner part of the mandible.
Lips
either of the two fleshy parts that form the upper and lower edges of the opening of the mouth.
Uvula
a fleshy extension at the back of the soft palate that hangs above the throat.
Vestibule
a chamber or channel communicating with or opening into another, in particular.
Lingual frenulum
is a small fold of mucous membrane extending from the floor of the mouth to the midline of the underside of the tongue.
Oropharynx
the part of the pharynx that lies between the soft palate and the hyoid bone.
Larygopharnx
the lower part of the pharynx lying behind or adjacent to the larynx
Esophagus
That part of the alimentary canal between the pharynx and the stomach
Stomach
the internal organ in which the major part of the digestion of food occurs, being (in humans and many mammals) a pear-shaped enlargement of the alimentary canal linking the esophagus to the small intestine.
Cardioesophageal sphincter
The lower esophageal sphincter, or gastroesophageal sphincter, surrounds the lower part of the esophagus at the junction between the esophagus and the stomach.
Pyloric sphincter
is a band of smooth muscle at the junction between the pylorus of the stomach and the duodenum of the small intestine. It plays an important role in digestion, where it acts as a valve to controls the flow of partially digested food from the stomach to the small intestine.
Rugae
refers to a series of ridges produced by folding of the wall of an organ
Greater curvature
the boundary of the stomach that forms a long usually convex curve on the left from the opening for the esophagus to the opening into the duodenum — compare lesser curvature.
Lesser curvature
the boundary of the stomach that in humans forms a relatively short concave curve on the right from the opening for the esophagus to the opening into the duodenum
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