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PEDS LANG EXAM 3: Literate Language/ Discourse

Terms in this set (35)

Conversational Discourse
Discourse that involves conversing

Primary discourse level of preschoolers.
Narrative Discourse
Discourse that involves story telling

Discourse level that emerges in kindergarten to first grade.
Expository discourse
Discourse that involves explaining and describing.

Discourse level that emerges in 2nd grade and above.
complexity
More ___________ in syntax for expository discourse.
Expository Discourse
This discourse does the following:

-Conveys factual or technical information (Description, Compare/contrast, Problem-solution, Persuasive,
Cause-effect,
Sequence/procedure)
-Important for school success
-Develops throughout school-age years
Contextualized Language
For this type of language:

-Grounded in the "here and now"
-Information, gesture, intonation, situation shared by speaker and
listener in immediate context
Decontextualized Language
For this type of language:

-Information not immediately present or shared by both speaker
and listener
-Rely on language, not context, to convey meaning
-Need for decontextualized language greatly increases in the
school age years.
Literate Language
This type of language is highly decontextualized language, relies on reading and talking (reflection, reasoning, planning, hypothesizing) to learn, and expands vocabulary.
Slow Mapping
This type of vocabulary expansion strategy describes deeper understanding of word is gradually acquired.
Direct Instruction
This type of vocabulary expansion strategy is when word is directly taught by another or through a dictionary.
Contextual Abstraction
This type of vocabulary expansion strategy is when contextual cues are used to figure out meaning.
Morphological Analysis
This type of vocabulary expansion strategy uses known morphemes to figure out meaning.

For example,
"Mono" in "monorail" means one because there's only one train.
Phonological Ambiguity
The following example below describes this type of ambiguity.

"Weekend" vs "Weak End".
Structural Ambiguity
The following example below describes this type of ambiguity.

"You wouldn't hit a guy with glasses, would you?"
Elaborated Noun Phrases
Articles, possessives, adjectives, quantifiers, etc
Adverbs
Time, manner, degree, place...
Conjuctions
Coordinating and subordinating
Lexical Ambiguity
This type of ambiguity involves homophones, homonyms, homographs.
Mental and linguistic verbs
Think, know, believe
Metaphor-Simile
The following devices convey similarity between two ideas/objects by stating
they are the same
Vehicle
The topic is compared to the ________. the implied basis of the comparison is the ground.

Her hair is a rat's nest.

Topic = Hair
_________ = Rat's nest
Ground = Messiness
Predicative
Type of metaphor/simile where there is one topic, one vehicle, both are stated.

For example,
"Her eyes were deep blue pools."
Proportional
Type of metaphor/simile where there are two topics, two vehicles, analogical relationship to the ground.

For example,
"Bob's head was a tennis ball with no fuzz"

Topic: Bob's head
Vehicle: Tennis ball with no fuzz

Topic: Tennis ball
Vehicle: No fuzz

Ground: Smallness (head)
Ground: Lack of hair (bald)
ASD
Kids with _______ and also ID and Language disorders, struggle with figurative language.
Idioms
Convey both a literal and figurative meaning
Transparent
Figurative meaning is a metaphorical extension of the literal meaning (e.g. keep a straight face)
Opaque
Little relationship between the literal and figurative meaning (e.g. paint the town red, circling the drain, kick the bucket)

At some point in time it made sense.
Idiom Development
Comprehend transparent before opaque
-More contextually based idioms are easier
-More frequent idioms are easier than infrequent
-Easier in simple sentences than complex sentences
-Comprehension begins in early school age and
continues developing into late adolescence
-Correlated with reading comprehension
Syntax
This is used to comprehend idioms.

for example, easier to understand "Hungry AS A horse."
Proverbs
Statements expressing conventional values,
beliefs, and wisdom of a society. Moral of the story. Higher level, for middle schoolers.

Examples:
-Commenting: Blood is thicker than water

-Interpreting: His bark is worse than his bite

-Advising: Don't count your chickens before they hatch

-Warning: It's better to be safe than sorry

-Encouraging: Every cloud has a silver lining
Proverb Development
This literate language type:

-Improves gradually during adolescence

___________comprehension correlated with
academic success (literacy and math)
Hyperbole
An extreme exaggeration.

"I'm so hungry, I can eat a mouse."
Irony
Things that happen in a way that is opposite of the expected.

"use of words to express something other than and especially the opposite of the literal meaning."
Sarcasm
Insincere Speech
"a sharp and often satirical or ironic utterance designed to cut or give pain"
Intervention for literate language
Scripts, teaching them, showing examples, etc.
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