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Microbiology Chapter 17

Terms in this set (61)

Adaptive Immunity
defenses that target a specific pathogen
-acquired through infection or vaccination
Primary Response
first time the immune system combats a particular foreign substance
Secondary Response
later interactions with the same foreign substance; faster and more effective due to "memory"
Humoral Immunity
produces antibodies that combat foreign molecules known as antigens
B Cells
lymphocytes that are created and mature in red bone marrow
-recognize antigens and make antibodies
-named for bursa of fabricius in birds
Cellular Immunity (Cell-Mediated Immunity)
produces T lymphocytes
-recognize antigenic peptides processed by phagocytic cells
-mature in the thymus
T Cell Receptors (TCRs)
on the T cell surface contact antigens, causing the T cells to secrete cytokines instead of antibodies
Cytokines
chemical messengers produced in response to stimuli
Interleukins
cytokines between leukocytes
Chemokines
induce migration of leukocytes
Interferons (IFNs)
interfere with viral infections of host cells
Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)
involved in the inflammation of autoimmune diseases
Hematopoietic Cytokines
control stem cells that develop into red and white blood cells
Cytokine Storm
overproduction of cytokines
Antigens
substances that cause the production of antibodies
-components of invading microbes or foreign substances
-interact with with epitopes, or antigenic determinants, on the antigen
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