American History Chapter 23

Terms in this set (35)

Mexican-American farm worker, started a movement of Spanish-speaking farm workers of California to start a movement, believed that as a group farmers would have a better chance of bargaining believed in uisng nonviolent tactics

Background of Latinos

From Mexico, Puerto Rico, Cuba, and the Dominican Republic, Mexican-Americans are the largest group, Puerto Rican's begin coming in 1898, Cuban communities begin forming in NYC, NJ, and Miami, in 1959 some Cubans flee to the U.S. due to Castro's communist rule, many Latinos encountered prejudice and discrimination in jobs and housing, most lived in barrios

Spanish speaking neighborhoods

What were Latinos were fighting for?

Equal opportunities in jobs, education, and housing, respect for their heritage and culture

United Farm Workers Organizing Committee

Organization that incorporated fruit and vegetable workers, organized to get companies to accept and bargain with the Union for better working conditions

Organized by David Sanchez, set up 1968 protest, organized a walkout in an East Los Angeles High School to protest (for smaller classes and more Chicano teachers and administrators), wanted programs designed to reduce the rate of dropouts for Latinos

Hardships faced by Native Americans

Poorest of Americans, suffered the highest unemployment rates, more likely to suffer from tuberculosis and alcoholism, death rate among Native American infants was two times the nationals average, many of the reform programs placed Native Americans in urban settings

American Indian Movement (AIM)

Began in 1968, self defense group against police brutality, demanded that Native American lands, burial grounds, fishing and timber rights be restored, new respect for their culture, got the government to promise to re-examine treaties

Trail of Broken Treaties

Russell Means, goal was to protest the government's treaty violations throughout history, nationwide, wanted 110 million acres of land restored, pushed for the abolition of the corrupt Indian of Bureau Affairs, some protests became violent, AIM did get the government to promise to re-examine treaties

Native American victories

Education, gained some of the land taken from broken treaties, legal recognition of their tribal lands

Reynolds v. Sims

Extended the principle of "one person, one vote", ruled that equal protection clause required representation in state legislature be based on population, adjust as population base shifts

Wrote The Feminine Mystique, writer, feminist, women activist

The belief that women should have economic, political, and social equality with men

What percentage of women were in the work force in the 1960's?

Typical jobs for women in the 1960's

Clerical work, retail sales, domestic, social work, teaching, nursing, frequently poorly paid, if doing the same job as a male would be paid less

What triggered women to started their own protests?

Civil Rights Movement and Antiwar Movement

The belief that women should have economic, political, and social equality with men

What percentage of women were in the work force in the 1960's?

Typical jobs for women in the 1960's

Clerical work, retail sales, domestic, social work, teaching, nursing, frequently poorly paid, if doing the same job as a male would be paid less

What triggered women to started their own protests?

Civil Rights Movement and Antiwar Movement

Civil Rights Act of 1964

No discrimination based on race, religion, National origin, or gender

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

Handled discrimination claims

National Organization for Women (NOW)

Pursued women's goals, creation of child care facilities, enforce the ban on gender guidelines for employers stating that they could no longer refuse to hire women for traditionally male jobs

Gains/setbacks for women

Protesting the exclusion from sports, started using the term "Ms.", refused to adopt their husbands last name

Women have the right to choose an abortion during the first three months of pregnancy

Equal Rights Amendment (ERA)- 1972

Guaranteed that both men and women would enjoy the same protection under the law, never passed

Phyllis Schlafly

Protestor of ERA

Arguments of ERA

Drafting of women, end laws protecting homemakers, end husbands responsibility to provide for his family, same-sex marriage

New Right Movement

Protested ERA, against abortion, social conservatism, opposed many of the women's movement ideas

Movement made up of mostly white, middle class, college youths, most were disillusioned with the war in Vietnam and injustices in America during the 1960's

Age of Aquarius

Hippy movement, Rock n Roll, outrageous clothing, sexual license, illegal drugs, T-shirts, jeans, love beads, long hair, peace signs

Hippy capital in San Francisco, did not outlaw the usage of hallucinogenic drugs until 1966

Counterculture's mark on History

Rock singers like Janice Joplin and Jimi Hendrix, pop art, Warhol, the Beatles (British band from England), Woodstock (400,000 showed up for a music festival in upstate New York)

Conservative Response

Believed lost sense of right and wrong, "Revolutionary terrorism" on campuses and cities (J. Edgar Hoover), put a conservative (Nixon) into the White House

Wrote The Feminine Mystique, writer, feminist, women activist

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