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Chapter 22 the end of empire

Terms in this set (20)

List a fundamental contradiction that undermined the colonial enterprise in the second half of the twentieth century?
The ideal of national self-determination was at odds with the denial of independence to colonies.
What distinguished the end of the colonial empires in the second half of the twentieth century from other cases of imperial disintegration?
The mobilization of the masses around a nationalist ideology
List a form of imperialism without territorial possessions that came under attack in the twentieth century?
Us influence in Latin America
In what respects did the twentieth century witness the demise of empires around the world?
~the german and Japanese's empires collapsed as a result of world was 2
~the Austro-Hungarian, ottoman, German and Russian empires collapsed as a result of world war 1
~the decolonization Of Asia, Africa, and pacific Oceania after world war 2 led to the emergence of new nation-states
~the end of the Cold War led to the emergence of new nation-states in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union.
What change in the international arena in the second half of the twentieth century contributed to the end of European colonial rule?
The United Nations provided an international platform from which to conduct anti colonial agitation
What was a social or economic circumstance within the European colonies that contributed to anti colonial movements?
The growing number of western education colonial elites who no longer viewed colonial rule as a vehicle for the peoples progress
In contrast to the first decolonization of the americas in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries , the struggles for independence in Africa, Asia, and Oceania in the second half of the twentieth century did what?
Affirmed the vitality of pre-colonial cultures
In contrast to previous foreign rulers in India, the British were the only ones who did not do what?
Never assimilated into Indian society
What characterized Johanna's Gandhi's agenda in India's struggle for independence?
A nostalgic return to pre industrial society composed of self-sufficient villages
What was an initial goal of the Indian national congress (INC)?
Gaining positions of influence in order to protect Indian interests
In contrast to Indians' struggle for independence in the twentieth century, black south Africans' struggle for control of their country was different in what way?
Waged against an internal community of permanent white settlers who controlled the country
How did the system of apartheid in South Africa come to end?
Throughout negotiations between the white South African government and black South African nationalist leaders.
Describe a feature of the strategy of the African national congress in its resistance to the South African government from 1950's to 1994?
Non violent civil disobedience against apartheid .
What was a common characteristic of the leaders of independence movements in Europe a colonies in Asia, Africa, and Oceania in the second half of the twentieth century?
They were educated
Describe the nature of the process of decolonization in the island societies of pacific Oceania?
Peaceful, with colonial powers voluntarily relinquishing control
List the tasks of newly independent nation-states in the aftermath of decolonization in the second half of the twentieth century?
The building of modern economies, stable political systems and coherent nations
What accounts for the resurgence of democracy in many developing countries in the decades since the 1980's?
The association of democracy with the uniqueness of western civilization
What were the reforms of mustafa Kemal ataturk in Turkey in the early twentieth century?
Removed Islam from public life
Which group of countries has been the most successful in stimulating economic growth and industrialization in the late twentieth century?
East Asian countries
What common issues did the developing world in the global south confront in the second half of the twentieth century?
~rapid population growth outstripped available resources
~culturally diverse population felt little loyalty to the state
~societies were divided by class, religion , ethnicity, and Gender
~poverty was widespread and private economics were weak
~government corruption was rampant
~military rule was prevalent
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