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AP World Chapters 21-23

Terms in this set (44)

communism
based on economic equality
fascism
rigid class rules, racist, pro-private property
USSR
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (communist name for Russia)
Fidel Castro
Cuban leader, established first communist state, overthrew American supported dictator
Warsaw Pact
defense organization to protect USSR and Communist countries
NATO
western alliance to stop communist invasion from USSR
Lenin
communist revolutionary in Russia, leader of the Bolsheviks
Bolsheviks
communist party nickname in Russia
Mao Zedong
Chinese communist revolutionary, founder of PRC (people's republic of china), supported by USSR
Chiang Kai Shek
Chinese military leader, opposed to Mao (nationalist)
Guomindang
non-communist party of China, Nationalist Party, supported by USA (Chiang's side; runs off to Taiwan and starts a government there)
Josef Stalin
Russian leader after Lenin, Great Purges, starts the Cold war (really bad dictator, almost like Hitler but they hated each other; totalitarian)
Great Leap Forward
economic plan in China to industrialize by having peasants manufacture steel, complete failure/ led to starvation of millions (spent too much time manufacturing steel and not enough time making food so it led to starvation) (started by Mao)
Cultural Revolution
Mao's attempt to reassert authority over government, inspired marches and repression (Red Guard; little red book)
Great Purges
Political repression against people in USSR by Stalin, people sent to Siberia
Korean War
N. Korea invaded S. Korea, a cold war battle/UN authorized the defense of South Korea
Vietnam War
communist N. Vietnam versus S. Vietnam/ not authorized by UN
Nikita Krushchev
led USSR, 1958-1964/ during Cuban Missile Crisis (after Stalin)
Che Guevara
Argentinian revolutionary, supported Castro
Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia
invaded by Russia because they wanted to stop reformist (Prague Spring)
Soviet invasion of Hungary
uprising against Russian, Russia invaded to stop revolt
Mikhail Gorbachev
President of USSR, tried to democratize political system (glasnost freedom to speak and perestroika freedom of private ownership), last Communist leader of Russia
Deng Xiaoping
Chinese leader responsible or economic reforms and opening China to global economy
glasnost
means openness, transparent government
perestroika
political and economic movement, means "restructuring"
Indian National Congress
Political Party in India that pushed for independence from Britain
Mahatma Gandhi
Indian Revolutionary leader, used non-violent methods to get rid of the British/ Salt March
East (Bangladesh) and West Pakistan
parts of India that split after independence into separate nations, mostly Muslim
apartheid
racial segregation in S. Africa
Afrikaners
descendants of Dutch settlers in South Africa
African National Congress
revolutionary political party created to end apartheid
Nelson Mandela
South African anti-apartheid revolutionary/politician who became President
South African Homelands/"Bantustans"
territories set aside for black South Africans as part of policy of apartheid
Mustafa Kemal Ataturk
general who defended Turkey, admired European thinking, wanted a secular Turkey
Ayatollah Khomeini
Iranian Shia Muslim leader led revolution in 1979 against the king of Iran
World Bank
international financial institution that provide loans to needy countries
globalization
the trend toward increased cultural connection between people, businesses, and organizations
TNCs
corporations that produce goods, not controlled by specific countries
Global North
rich developed regions of world
Global South
third world countries
Betty Friedan
American Feminist and activist, author of The Feminine Mystique
Fundamentalism
form of religion that uphold strict interpretations
Anthropocene Age
Age of Man, domination of the planet
Rachel Carson
author of Silent Spring, brought up negative impacts of pesticide and fertilizers
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