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Genetics Final Exam Chapter 13

Terms in this set (39)

Which of the following is the type of RNA that gets translated?
mRNA
Which of the following RNA molecules are required for the process of translation?
tRNA
Which attribute of DNA s the reason behind its chemical instability?
DNA lacks a free hydroxyl group on the 2'-carbon atom of its sugar
This molecule is synthesized using nucleotides containing the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine and uracil.
RNA only
In EUKARYOTES, tRNA's are _____
transcribed in the nucleus, but function in the cytoplasm
_________ probably began the evolution of life on earth.
Ribozymes
During transcription, which parts of a DNA molecule are transcribed into RNA?
Only the regions that contain genes.
Which of the following is true regarding transcription in most organisms?
Different genes may be transcribed from different strands of DNA.
Which of the following is a sequence of DNA where transcription is initiated?
Promoter
Where are promoters usually located?
Upstream of the start site.
Which of the following statements is not true?
RNA molecules have the same 5' to 3' orientation as the DNA template strands to which they are complementary.
In transcription, to which end of the elongating strand are nucleotides always added?
3' end
In a transcription reaction, two phosphate groups are cleaved from the incoming __________
ribonucleoside triphosphate
What types of bonds are created during the process of transcription?
Phosphodiester bonds
In eukaryotes, which RNA polymerase transcribes the genes that encode proteins?
RNA polymerase II
The DNA replication enzyme that most closely resembles RNA polymerase is
primase
When this molecule is synthesized, both strands of a DNA molecule are used as a template
DNA only
This molecule is synthesized using triphosphate nucleotides as a substrate for a polymerase enzyme that forms phosphodiester bonds?
Both RNA and DNA
The polymerase that synthesizes this molecule uses DNA as a template and synthesizes new strands from 5' to 3'.
Both RNA and DNA
This molecule is made of nucleotides joined by phosphodiester bonds that connect the 2' OH to the 5' phosphate.
Neither RNA nor DNA
What is the function of eukaryotic RNA polymerase I?
Transcription of rRNA genes
Which of the following is not required for transcription?
RNA primers
Which statement about RNA polymerase is NOT true?
RNA polymerase reads a template strand of DNA 5' to 3'
Which of the following is NOT necessary for RNA polymerase to recognize the promoter of a bacterial gene?
Origin of replication
Which of the following features is primarily responsible for rho protein to cause termination of transcription?
Helicase activity
Prokaryotic promoters contain the sequence TATAAT at the position ________ from the transcription start?
-10
In prokaryotic RNA polymerases, the holoenzyme consists of the core enzyme and the ________
sigma factor
When does the sigma factor dissociate from RNA polymerase?
After the process of initiation
In prokaryotes, rho-independent transcription termination depends on a secondary structure formed in
the RNA that is being transcribed.
An in vitro transcription system that contains a bacterial gene initiates transcription, but from random points on the DNA. Which of the following proteins most likely is missing from the reaction?
Sigma Factor
An in vitro transcription system that contains a bacterial gene does not initiate transcription. What is one possible problem?
There is a mutation at -10, where a promoter consensus sequence is located.
An in Vitro transcription system transcribes a bacterial gene but terminates inefficiently. What is one possible problem?
Rho factor has not been added.
Which of the following is true regarding the termination of transcription?
In some organisms, transcription terminated thousands of nucleotides past the coding sequence.
Which of the following regarding eukaryotic transcription is NOT true?
A group of genes is transcribed into a polycistronic RNA.
The TATA- binding protein binds to the TATA-box in eukaryotic promoters. What is its function in transcriptional initiation?
It bends and partly unwinds DNA at a promoter.
In eukaryotic cells, where does the basal transcription apparatus bind?
Core Promoter
Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding TFIID?
It is a transcriptional activator protein
in which of the following organisms would transcription be the LEAST similar to archaea?
E. Coli
What is the function of general transcription factors?
They are part of the basal transcription apparatus.
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