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BIOL 1040 Surver Final

Terms in this set (41)

If an ecosystem has a carrying capacity of 1000 individuals for a given species and 2000 individuals of that species are present, we can predict that the population
Size will decrease
The maximum number of individuals a habitat can support is called its
Carrying capacity
Which of the following statements regarding food webs is true?
Several species of primary consumers may feed on the same species
Organisms that digest molecules in organic material and convert them into inorganic forms of
Decomposers
A tidal wave wipes out the entire population of mice living on an island. This is an example of
The effects of abiotic factors
In a hypothetical food chain consisting of grass, grasshoppers, sparrows, and haws, the grasshoppers are
Primary consumers
When a crocodile eats a fish, the interspecific interaction between the 2 could be expressed as _____ for the crocodile and _____ for the fish.
+;-
For a given area and time period, the amount of solar energy converted to chemical energy in organic compounds is called
primary production
In a certain ecosystem field mice are preyed on by snakes and hawks. The entry of wild dogs into the system adds another predator of the mice. The most likely short-term result of this addition is
Reduction in number of mice
Which of the following is an example of a population
All of the students in your classroom
Camouflage typically evolves as a result of
Predation
Which of the following organisms best illustrates K-selection?
A polar bear producing one or 2 cubs every 3 years
When 2 different populations in a community benefit from their relationship with each other, the result is called
Mutualism
Assume that there are 5 alligators per acre in a swamp in northern Florida. This is a measure of the alligator population's
Density
About how much of the energy in the producers of an ecosystem will be available to secondary consumers in this ecosystem?
About 1%
The death by bubonic plague of about one-third of Europe's population during the 14th century is a good example of
A density dependent effect
A group of individuals of a species that occupy the same general area defines a
A population
A newly mated queen ant establishes an ant nest in an unoccupied patch of suitable habitat. The population of the nest grows quickly at first, then levels off at carrying capacity. Which of the following models best describes its population growth?
Logistic
When a New England farm is abandoned, its formerly plowed fields first become weedy meadows, the shrubby areas, and finally a forest. This sequence of plant communities is an example of
Secondary succession
If most of the individuals of a human population are in their pre-reproductive years, you would expect the population size to _____ after 20 years.
Increase
Most plants have a variety of chemicals, spines, and thorns because the plants
Cannot run away from herbivores
In terms of population dynamics, what is "boom and bust" cycling?
A situation in which the populations of predator species and a prey species oscillate in unison
Which of the following is an example of predation?
A hawk swooping down quickly to capture, kill, and eat a prairie king snake
To obtain optimal production in a small garden, one should
Plant seeds in a uniform pattern throughout the garden
A survivorship curve is a
Graph that plots an individual's likelihood of being alive as a function of age
What kind of curve represents exponential growth?
J-shaped
A type I survivorship curve is associated with which oft eh following life history traits?
Parents providing extended care for their young
In an ecosystem, you would expect to find interspecific competition between
Populations of 2 species that occupy the same niche
Within an ecosystem, a tree is a
Producer
Which of the following processes does not occur in ecosystems?
The energy source that powers that system is used by consumers to make organic compounds
The freshwater leech is an organism that feeds off of the flood of other organisms such as frogs and turtles. Which of the following describes the relationship between freshwater leeches and frogs or turtles?
Parasitism
A community is composed of
Potentially interacting populations of different kinds of organisms
Which of the following will likely decrease a population's size?
Decreasing the food supply available to a population
In a food chain consisting of phytoplankton- zooplankton- fish- fishermen. The fishermen are
Tertiary consumers
An owl and a hawk both eat mice. Which of the following describes the relationship between a hawk and an owl?
Competition
A demographic tool used to predict a population's future growth is
Age structure
Biological control is defined as
The use of chemicals, such as pesticides, to control pests
Which of the following is most clearly a case of density- dependent population regulation?
A dangerous new flu strain that is transmitted among humans by sneezing
An ecologist hypothesizes that predation by a particular owl species is the major factor controlling the population of a particular rabbit species. If this is the care, which of the following population effects could be expected in this rabbit owl pair?
An increase in the owl population should cause a fall in the rabbit population.
An ecologist hypothesizes that predation by a particular owl is the major factor controlling the population of a particular rabbit species. The first stem in testing this hypothesis would be to determine
Whether the owls eat the rabbits
If an overlap develops between the ranges of 2 closely related species, and if the species occupy the same niche in the zone of overlap, what will probably happen in the zone of overlap?
One species will take over most or all of the zone of overlap
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