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Ch 16 Behavior

Terms in this set (16)

behavior
generated response to external stimulus.
phenotype that shows variation, has genetic basis, and effects fitness.
behavior = variation + genetics = fitness.
gene expression changes brain function
morphology
organisms share traits because of evolutionary history OR shared common selection pressures.
convergence is common in behavior.
behavior = phylogeny?
evolutionary history OR selection pressure.
genetic basis
variation
behavior =/= phylogeny
rate of change is faster
doesn't fossilize
brain plasticity
brain = environment + experience
proximate
how questions
ultimate
why questions
individual selection
selection arising from fitness among individuals is stronger and faster than group selection
benefits of group living
protection from predators
costs of group living
disease, food and mate competition
game theory
social condition determines behavioral strategies
evolutionary stable strategy
behavior cannot be invaded by another strategy
always cooperate.
always attack
provoke then appease
kin selection
indirect fitness benefits of helping relatives, selection for behaviors with beneficial effects on production of offpsring
coefficient of relatedness
proportion of genes shared in common by descent
hamilton's rule
rB > C
altruism towards relatives is good when benefit/cost ratio exceeds the reciprocal of the coefficient of relatedness
r = CoR
B = benefit of altruism (extra number of relatives that exist thanks to altruist's action)
C = number of offspring not produced by altruist
inclusive fitness
an individual's combined fitness + reproduction + reproduction of relatives due to its own actions
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