ANTH Chapter 10

Class
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Terms in this set (20)
Class
A system of power based on wealth, income, and status that creates an unequal distribution of a society's resources.
Systems of social class
create and maintain patterns of inequality, structuring the relationships between rich and poor, privileged and less well off.
Egalitarian Society
A group based on the sharing of resources to ensure success with a relative absence of hierarchy. most humans who have every lived have lived like this as hunter-gatherers.
Reciprocity
The exchange of resources, goods, and services among people pf relatively equal status; meant to create and reinforce social ties.
ranked society
A group in which wealth is not stratified but prestige and status are
Redistrubution
A form of exchange in which accumulated wealth is collected from the members of the group and reallocated in a different pattern. Usually goes along with a ranked society where a chief's status is reinforced by reciprocity and generosity.
Potlatch
Elaborate redistribution ceremony practiced among the Kwakiutl of the Pacific Northwest.
Stratification and Inequality
Recent development that has come with the rise of industrialized agriculture, and the increase in industrialized capitalist economies.
Karl Marx
Writing in the context of economic and governmental change, and social upheaval.
He sees 2 distinguished classes of people come out of the emerging capitalist economy: Bourgeoisie and Proletariat. This was important in his understanding of power relations.
Labor is the key source of value and profit in the marketplace
Bourgeoisie
Marxist term for the capitalist class that owns the means of production
ProletariatMarxist term for working class who only own their labor.Max WeberSimilar context as Marx. Added power and prestige to his conversation of wealth and income.PrestigeWeber term which referred to the reputation, influence, and deference bestowed on certain people because pf their membership in certain groups.Life ChancesWeber idea which referred to an individual's opportunities to improve quality of life and to achieve life goals. This is determined by access to financial and social resources.Pierre Bourdieu20th- early 21st century. He studied the French educational system to understand the relationship between class, culture, and power.Social MobilityThe movement of one's class position, up or down, in stratified societies.Social reproductionBourdieu's research uncovered that social and class relations of prestige or lack of prestige are passed from one generation to the nextHabitusBourdieu's term to descrbie the self-perceptions and beliefs that develop as part of one's social identity and shape on'es conceptions of the world and where one fits into it. EX. life decisions like choice of college education or career are made on one's family's habitus.Cultural capitalBourdieu's term to describe the knowledge, habits, and tatsets learne from parents and family that individuals can use to gain access to scarce and valuable resources in society.Leith Mullings