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SGU SOM Term 2 NB3

Terms in this set (37)

Benzodiazepines
1. Diazepam
2. Lorazepam
Barbiturates
1. Phenobarbital
2. Secobarbital
1. Disulfiram (Antabuse)
a. Inhibits the enzyme that breaks down acetaldehyde

b. After alcohol use, acetaldehyde accumulation causes a toxic reaction (nausea) for 30-60min

c. Use:
i.Due to poor compliance, only short term if person will be in a high risk situation

ii.Knowing about toxic effect is incentive to take first drink
Antabuse (Disulfiram)
a. Inhibits the enzyme that breaks down acetaldehyde

b. After alcohol use, acetaldehyde accumulation causes a toxic reaction (nausea) for 30-60min

c. Use:
i.Due to poor compliance, only short term if person will be in a high risk situation

ii.Knowing about toxic effect is incentive to take first drink
2. Naltrexone (Revia)
a. An opioid receptor blocker that reduces the pleasurable effects of alcohol

b. Use:

i. Drug helps a person stop drinking after a few drinks when a "slip" occurs

ii. Helps to avoid a full relapse
Revia (Naltrexone)
a. An opioid receptor blocker that reduces the pleasurable effects of alcohol

b. Use:

i. Drug helps a person stop drinking after a few drinks when a "slip" occurs

ii. Helps to avoid a full relapse
Acamprosate (Campral)
a. An NMDA receptor antagonist that reduces the anhedonia of protracted abstinence, and thereby decreases the craving for alcohol

b. Use:
i. Causes the person to feel euthymic
ii. Prevent the "slip" from happening in the first place
Campral (Acamprosate)
a. An NMDA receptor antagonist that reduces the anhedonia of protracted abstinence, and thereby decreases the craving for alcohol

b. Use:
i. Causes the person to feel euthymic
ii. Prevent the "slip" from happening in the first place
Buroprion (Zyban)
Treatment of Nicotine Use Disorder
Zyban (Buroprion)
Treatment of Nicotine Use Disorder
Varenicline (Chantix)
Treatment of Nicotine Use Disorder
Chantix (Varenicline)
Treatment of Nicotine Use Disorder
Naloxone (Narcan)
A short-acting opioid receptor antagonist used for acute OD
Narcan (Naloxone)
A short-acting opioid receptor antagonist used for acute OD
Methadone
i. Schedule II opioid drug

ii. Is only available at an official federally-regulated Opioid Treatment Program (OTP)

Cannot be "prescribed".

Can only be "administered" or "dispensed" at a OTP.
Buprenorphine
Schedule III opioid drug .


Available from a doctor's office after approval by the DEA.

Can be Prescribed, administered, dispensed from a doctor's office.
Suboxone
= buprenorphine + naloxone

Designed to prevent abuse (snorting / injecting)
Schedule I
Drugs with high harm risk.
No safe, accepted medical use.

Heroin, Marijuana, LSD, ecstasy.
Schedule II
High harm risk and accepted medical use.

Opioids (morphine, Methadone).
Stimulants (methylphenidate).
Barbiturates (secobarbital).
Schedule III
Select barbiturates, anabolic steroids, codeine (Tylenol III).

synthetic THC- variant drugs (dronabinol).

Buprenorphine
Schedule IV
Most benzodiazepines (diazepam).
Schedule V
Liquid codine (Robitussin)
Donepezil / Aricept
AD treatment.
cholinesterase inhibitors.
Galantamine / Razadyne
AD treatment.
cholinesterase inhibitors.
Rivastigmine / Exelon
AD treatment.
cholinesterase inhibitors.
Memantine / Namenda
AD treatment.
NMDA receptor blocker.
chlorpromazine / thorazine
traditional antipsychotic.

D2 antagonist.

Improves Positive symptoms.

Side effect= EPS due to nigrostriatal D2 blockade
haloperidol / haldol
traditional antipsychotic.

D2 antagonist.

Improves Positive symptoms.

Side effect= EPS due to nigrostriatal D2 blockade
EPS
dystonia --> parkinsonism --> akathisia --> tardive dyskinesia
dystonia
sustained muscle contractions (head, neck) often developing within the 1st week
Parkinsonism
Parkinsonism symptoms (tremor, shuffling), often developing in the first few months
Akathisia
excessive movements due to "inner restlessness", often developing in the first few months
Tardive dyskinesis
repetitive, involuntary, purposeless movements, often of the face and extremities, developing as a long-term (years) side effect
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS)
Characterized by tachycardia, hypertension, raid respiration, fever, extreme rigidity, delirium , death.

Usually within the first 2 weeks of starting medication or increasing dosage.

likely due to a precipitous drop in dopamine affecting hypothalamic functioning.
Clozaril / Clozapine
**1-2% agranulocytosis risk**

2nd generation antipsychotics.

Antagonists of D2,3,4 and 5-HT2a receptors

Improves positive AND negative symptoms.

Decreased risk of EPS.
risperidone / risperdal
2nd generation antipsychotics.

Antagonists of D2,3,4 and 5-HT2a receptors

Improves positive AND negative symptoms.

Decreased risk of EPS
olanzapine / zyprexia
2nd generation antipsychotics.

Antagonists of D2,3,4 and 5-HT2a receptors

Improves positive AND negative symptoms.

Decreased risk of EPS
THIS SET IS OFTEN IN FOLDERS WITH...