World History Chapter 13 Section 1

Terms in this set (20)

an intellectual movement that studied the classical culture of Greece and Rome, but used that study to increase their understanding of their own times; believed that educations should stimulate the individual's creative powers

subjects such as grammar, rhetoric (the study of using language effectively), poetry, and history - that had been taught in ancient Greek and Roman schools

a Florentine who lived in the 1300s, was an early Renaissance humanist, poet, and scholor

The Medici's great wealth and influence transformed _________; the city came to symbolize the energy and brilliance of the Italian Renaissance and produced a number of gifted poets, artists, architects, scholars, and scientists in a relatively short span of time

a financial supporter

making distant objects smaller than those close to the viewer

had an endless curiosity that fed a genius for invention; made sketches of nature and dissected; painted the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper; thought of himself as an artist yet his talents ranged into botany, anatomy, optics, music, architecture, and engineering

artist who had many talents (sculptor, painter, engineer, architect, and poet); had been called a "melancholy genius"; his work reflected his life-long spiritual and artistic struggles; created the David and the Pieta; painted Sistine Chapel murals

admired for his artistic talent; developed his own style of painting that blended Christian and classical styles; tender portrayals

Baldassare Castiglione

wrote The Book of the Courtier in which he describes the manners, skills, learning, and virtues that a member of the court should have; ideals put forth for both men and women

Niccolo Machiavelli

wrote a guide for rulers on how to gain and maintain power; "The Prince" looked at real rulers in an age of ruthless power politics; critics attacked his advice; his work sparks debate over the ethical questions over the nature of government and use of power

a new worldview based on human experience, an emphasis on education and humanism, and a spirit of adventure and curiosity

What were the main characteristics of the Renaissance?

it was a crossroads of trade and had been the center of the classical world

Why was Italy a favorable setting for the Renaissance?

Artists emphasized classical subjects and the human form, and they employed new techniques for showing subjects more realistically

How were Renaissance ideals reflected in the arts?

Writers focused on the human experience in the world around them

How did Renaissance writings express realism?

Artists, architects, and writers used realistic techniques. Their work reflected the Renaissance ideals of humanism, an appreciation of the classics, and curiosity.

What were the ideals of the Renaissance, and how did Italian artists and writers reflect these ideals?

The medieval worldview was shaped by religion; it accepted tradition and the idea that only God was perfect. In contrast, the Renaissance worldview was shaped by inquiry, exploration, and the idea that humans could perfect themselves.

How was the Renaissance worldview different from that of the Middle Ages?

Their connections to trade brought wealth that spurred the Renaissance and spread new ideas. The competition among city-states encouraged new ways of thinking.

In what ways did Italian city-states encourage the Renaissance?

Artists focused on human beings, their achievements, and their relationship to God.

How did humanism influence Renaissance painting and sculpture?

They thought that art should reflect the reality of human experience.

Why were nature and human nature important to Renaissance artists and writers?

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