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COLD WAR STUDY GUIDE - created by Koven T.

Terms in this set (34)

What is the iron curtain?
represents Europe's division into mostly democratic Western Europe and Communist Eastern Europe
Who is in the Warsaw Pact?
Alliance made up of Soviet Union, East Germany, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, and Albania
What is NATO?
North Atlantic Treaty Organization, ten western European nations joined the U.S. and Canada to form a defensive military alliance
What is brinkmanship?
willingness to go to brink or edge of war
What are the main points of the Cold War?
leaders of the U.S.(nationalism) and Soviet Union(communism) along with competing political philosophies lead to a half-century conflict
Who makes up the United Nations?
U.S., Soviet Union, and 48 other countries , intended to protect members against aggression, based in New York
What is the Marshall Plan?
U.S. gave aid to needy European countries to rebuild western Europe
What was the U-2 incident?
May 1960, Soviets shot down a U.S. U-2 spy plan, pilot Francis Gray was captured
What is containment?
blocking Soviet influence and stopping the expansion of communism
What is Sputnik 1?
the world's first artificial satellite launched by the Soviet Union on October 4, 1957
What happened at the Yalta Conference?
WWII meeting of the heads of government of the U.S., Britain, and the Soviet Union to discuss Germany and Europe's postwar
Who is Mao Zedong?
leader of communists in China
What is the Berlin Blockade?
June 24, 1948- May 12, 1949, 1st major international crisis of Cold War, Soviet Union blocked Western Allie's railway, road, and canal access to sectors of Berlin
What is the Space Race?
U.S. and Soviet Union competed for control in space, both had technology and nuclear weapons (ICBMs)
Who was the Nationalist leader in China?
Jiang Jieshi
What was the Cultural Revolution in China?
major uprising led by Red Guards , goal to establish society of peasants and workers in which all were equal
What happened in the Korean War?
war between North Korea (support of Soviet Union and China) and South Korea (U.S.) June 25, 1950, series of clashes along the border
What is the Truman Doctrine?
Truman's support for countries that rejected communism
What lines divide Korea?
38th parallel, crossed Korea at 38 degrees north latitude
What lines divide Vietnam?
17 degrees north latitude
What is Vietcong?
communist guerrillas began to gain strength in the South
What happened at Bay of Pigs Cuba?
failed military invasion of Cuba, 1400 American-trained Cubans who fled their homes when Castro took over, badly outnumbered surrendered after less than 24 hours
What was the Cuban Missile Crisis?
13-day standoff over the installation of nuclear-armed Soviet missiles on Cuba, Krushchev removed missiles as long as U.S. wouldn't invade Cuba
What was the Domino Theory?
political event in one country will cause similar events in neighboring countries
Who is Fidel Castro?
young lawyer, led Cuban Revolution, harsh dictator
What is the Brezhnev Doctrine?
Brezhnev claimed the Soviet Union had the right to prevent its satellites from rejecting communism
What is destalinization?
eradicating the memory of Joseph Stain and Stalinism
Who are Khmer Rouge?
communist rebels that set up a Communist government under the leadership of Pol Pot
Who is Pol Pot?
leader of Communist government, wanted to transform Cambodia into a communist, slaughtered 2 million people
What is detente?
policy of lessening Cold War tensions, replaced brinkmansip
What happened between Afghanistan and the Soviet Union?
Soviet influence in Afghanistan began to increase which led to a Muslim revolt, Soviets invaded in 1979 but afghan rebels fought back and the Soviets withdrew by 1989
What Islamic revolutions happened in Iran?
Iranian nationalists (opposed western influence) overthrew the shah but the U.S. restored the Shah to power, Islamic revolutionaries seized the U.S. embassy in Tehran and demanded the shah to face trial
Who is Daniel Ortega?
leader of Sandinistas
What Collectivization occurred in China?
peasants forced to give up individual farms, to expand the success of the Five-Year Plan, large farms where everyone worked, ate , and slept together
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