Hist 270 Dates (exam2)

Term
1 / 25
Indentured Servants
Click the card to flip 👆
Terms in this set (25)
When: 1739
Where: South Carolina
Who: African Slaves
What: Blacks outnumbered the whites 2 to 1. They sought sanctuary in Spanish florida. Essentially, 20 slaves revolt and take over an arsenal. They call for other slaves to join and the turnup was 80. The militia hires mercenary native americans to hunt and track down runaway slaves. 50blacks and 25whites killed.
1600-1800 (specifically 1700)

-Running away: for escape, rest from work, find family members and deprive owners of their labor. Some set up hideouts and villages in the frontier
-Arson: to sabotage property and slow down work.
-Murder: killing of masters.
-Feigning sickness: time off work
-Feigning subordination utilization of different masks
-Breaking tools
-Working slowly
-Taking or destroying crops from the plantation
1754-1763

The Marquis de Montcalm, 1756 turned to a professional standing army.

William Pitt, British Secretary of State. Promises colonies will be paid their expenses. Colonial troops treated better.

More British troops are sent.

1758-1760: The British score successes, convince the Delaware and Shawnee to leave the French, taking the Ohio River Valley, and the battle of Quebec in 1759.

Iroquois backed the British

Native Americans decided the final outcome.
1650-1700

Reason over Religion

Isaac Newton: Laws of gravity implied the universe operated on natural laws

John Locke: Knowledge not given by God, humans are given the capacity to gain knowledge

Colonists in prestigious Royal Society of London

Ben Franklin (independently wealthy): Electricity, bifocals, the iron stove, and the glass harmonica.

Printing press improved communication and spread scientific thoughts
1720-1760
Pietism, "Second Reformation" had come out of eastern Germany and stressed emotion and intensity rather than calculated and cold rationalism.

Checking rationalism and worldliness of the Enlightenment.

Recruiting colonists: Religious tolerance

Diversity: Presbyterians, Quakers, Lutherans, Baptists, Methodists, as well as smaller groups.

In the North the Congregational church and the Anglican church in the South were strong.

CONSEQUENCES
Old Lights attack the New Lights, others adopted their style.

New movement appealed to poor, women, youth, and some African Americans and Native Peoples.

1760s: Movement dies out

Brought optimism and an energized spirit to American religion

GA stressed the democratization of institutions. Ministers accepted church goers as active participants. Influenced later government institutions.
Neolin1760's Neolin, Delaware Prophet in the 1760s preached an end to European dependency. Indians should ban together Return to traditional customs such as hunting with a bow and arrow. He spoke out against inter-tribal warfare and alcohol. During a crisis people turn to spirituality.Pontiacattacked in 1763 Pontiac, Ottawa leader, feels that Indians must fight back the pain caused by diseases, European trade dependence, racism, alcoholism, land thefts, and foreign laws. May 7, 1763: Pontiac attacked Fort Detroit Different tribes fought together and captured small forts. Larger forts holdout. The attack at Fort Pitt lost steam, ended October 1763. British signed treaties with Indians.Proclamation Line1763 The British seek trade, peace, and stability. Proclamation Line of 1763 British ban settlers from moving past the Appalachian Mountains. Settlers disregard the crown and moved into these lands. Settlers and Crown have different interests.Stamp Act1765 Who? British House of Burgesses, colonists, Patrick Henry Where? virginia What? -Produce 100,000 pounds from the tax was suppose to maintain the colonies. -Colonists came to resent taxes and increased British presence. -House of Burgesses, Patrick Henry questions whether Parliament can impose taxes. Says Virginia is the only power that can tax the colony. Why? Newspapers spread the sentiment that England has no right to taxBoston Tea PartyWhen? 1773 What? -The British lower the duty -Colonists were outraged and began an embargo -Thomas Hutchinson, governor of Massachusetts ordered the tea to be delivered to Boston. -December 16, 1773: The Sons of Liberty dressed as Mohawk Indians, dumped tea into the ocean Why? Major act of resistance for the Independence movement.Second Continental Congress1775-1776Thomas Paine1776Declaration of IndependenceJuly 4th, 1776Battle of SaratogaSeptember 19, 1777 -The British lost 556 dead, Americans half the losses. -Burgoyne surrendered his entire force of 5,800 troops at Saratoga. -With the victory at Saratoga the colonists gained respectability and the French officially recognized them and cemented an alliance. -France & Spain added its wealth and naval power to the colonists. -For the British the war suddenly became global, costs rose from 4 million pounds in 1775 to 20 million in 1782. -Domestic dissent over the war broke out in Britain.Articles of Confederation1777 -The framers of the new government were wary of establishing a strong central government. -The large question in American history is the relationship between the state government and the federal government. -Power to local governments avoids oppressionThomas Peters1738-1792Northwest Ordinance1787 Who: Where: Everywhere north of the ohio river What? -Turning territories into states. -Slavery banned north of Ohio River but included fugitive slave law. -Limited number of proposed states to 3-5 states. (limited regional power) -Property requirements for voting or holding office. -Territories assigned governors with the ability to veto territorial laws. Why? Limiting power of the territories in favor of central government.Federalist PapersWhen: 1787-1788 Who: Alexander Hamilton, James Madison and the homie John Jay (federalists) Where: New York What: -Legislative houses appointed ratifying conventions. Voters selected delegates to the conventions who then accepted or voted down the constitution. -Federalists sought to convince skeptical public and the anti-Federalists. -80 essays supporting the constitution -In the famous federalist number 10, Madison challenged the idea that a republic had to be small to survive. He argued that a big nation would include so many different interests that a single interest would fail in achieving dominance.Shays Rebellion1787 What -August 1786: 1,500 farmers shut down courts. -1787, 1000 men seize the federal arsenal. -Wealthy Boston merchants fund private militia. -Shays' force captured, rebels sign loyalty oaths. Why? Movement accomplished two things: -Legislature more open to relief reforms -Gov. John Hancock loses election. What could be the national consequence of Shays Rebellion? "we are verging fast to anarchy"Bill of Rights1791 Who:Madison where: pennsilvania what: -Smooth over fears of a strong government. -Also Madison's promises of a Bill Rights helped his chances of being elected by Virginia to the House of Representatives. -Madison felt that many of the rights dealt with individuals' rights not fed gov. -Many of the rights were the less controversial suggestions of the state legislatures when they ratified the constitution. -Left out limits on taxation, standing armies, or time and place of elections.