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Ch. 17 Age of Enlightenment

Terms in this set (50)

The Scientist- Philosopher who provides a link between the 17th century scientist Is...
Fontenelle
Enlightened thinkers can be understood as secularists because they strongly recommened
The application of the scientific method to the analysis and understanding of all aspects of human life
The German philospher Immanuel Kant proclaimed the motto of the Enlightenment to be
Have the Courage to use your own Intelligence
European intellecual life in the eighteenth century was marked by the emergence of
secularization and a search to find the natural laws governing human life
The works of Fontenelle announced the Enlightenment because they
Popularize a growing skepticism toward the claims fo religion
A major inspiration for travel literature in the eighteenth century were the Pacific Ocean adventures of
James Cook
John Locke's philosophy contributed to the development of Enlightenment ideas by arguing that a persons character was shaped by
Environment, not by innate ideas.
The French philosophers
Were literate intellectuals who meant to change the world through reason and rationality.
Isaac Newton and John Locke
Provided inspiration for the enlightenment by arguing that through rational reasoning and the acquisition of knowledge one could discover natural laws governing all aspects of human society
The french Philosophers mostly included people from
The nobility and the middle class
Above all Montesquieu "The spirit of the Laws" was concerned with
maintaining a balance among the various branches of government
The recognized capital of the Enlightenment was
Paris
A key new type of enlightenment writing fueling skepticism about the the "truths" of Christianity and European society was
travel reports and comparative studies of old and new world cultures
The leader of the physiocrats and their advocacy of natural economic laws was
Francois Quenay
Voltaire was best known for his criticism of
Religious intolerance
An early female philosophe who published a translation of Newton's Principle and who was the mistress of Voltaire was
The Marquise du Chatelet
Deism was based on
The Newtonian world-machine with God as its mechanic, designing the universe in accord with rational laws.
Which of the following statements best applies to Denis Diderot ?
His Encyclopedia had considerable impact , particularly after its price was greatly reduced
The belief in the natural laws underlying all across of human life led to
THe social sciences
Diderot most famous contribution to the enlightenment battle against religious fanaticism intolerance and prudery was his
28-volume Encyclopedia compiling articles by many influential philosophers
The best statement of Laissez-faire was made in 1776 by
Adam Smith
The author of The Progress of the Human Mund and who became a victim of the French Revolution was
Condorcet
Who said that individuals "will forced to be free"?
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Montesquieu Persian letters
Was a method that allowed him to criticized the Catholic Church and The French monarchy
In Rousseau The Social Contract he expressed his belief that
Freedom is achieved by being forced to follow what is best fo all or the "general will."
For Rousseau, what was the source of inequality and the chief cause of crimes?
Private property
Rousseaus influential novel, "Emile", deals with these key Enlightenment themes:
Proper child rearing and human education
Of great importance to the Enlightenment were the salons which
Provided a forum for discussing the ideas of the phiosophes
The strongest statement and vindication of Women's rights during the enlightenment was made by
Mary Wollstonecraft
The Rococo artistic style of the eighteenth century was
Evident in the masterpieces of Balthasas Neumen
Choose the correct relationship between the Rococo artist and his work.
Amoine Watteau-Return from Cythera
Johann Sebastian Bach
Balthazar Humane-pilgrimage church of the Sutzkrieg Viezehahesligen
European music in the later eighteenth century was well characterized by
Haydn and Mozart, who shifted the musical center from Ital and Germany to the Austrian
Which eighteenth-century composer was considered most innovative and wrote the opera, The Marriage of Figaro?
Mozart
Eighteenth-century writers, especially in England, used this new form of literary expression to attack the hypocrises of the era and provide sentimental entertainment to growing number of readers:
Novels
The English writer who argued in A Serious Proposal to the Ladies that women should become better educated was
Mary astell
The french Rococo painter who portrayed the aristocratic life as refined, sensual, and civilized was
Antoine Watteau
Great Britain led the way in the eighteenth century in producing
All of the above
High culture in eighteenth-century Europe was characterized by the
enormous impact of the publishing industry
The eighteenth century musical composition that has been called one of those rare works that appeal immediately to everyone and yet is indisputably a masterpiece of the highest order is
Handels Messiah
A less brutal approach to justice and punishment in the eighteenth century is associated with
Beccaria
Concerning the European legal system , by the end of the eighteenth century
corporal and capital punishment were on the decline
The punishment of crime in the eighteenth century was often
public and very gruesome
The Carnival of the Mediterranean world was
a period of intense sexual activity and gross excesses
A cheap and popular alcoholic drink in eighteenth century england was
Gun
The Jesuit order was dissolved in 1773 because
of pressure by Catholic Kings
In eighteenth-century Europe churches both catholic and protestant
still played a major role in social and spiritual areas
The Jews of eighteenth-century Europe
were most free in participating in banking and commercial activities in tolerant cities
John Wesley
won the right to publicly practice of their religion in Austria with Joseph II's toleration Patent of 1781
In reaction to significant elements of rationalism and deism in what two countries did some ordinary protestant churchgoers chose new religious movements?
England and Germany
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