Antarctica Timeline

Terms in this set (22)

Fur seals of South Georgia wiped out

Norwegians establish Grytviken on South Georgia for whaling

Amundson and Scott race to the Pole

International Whaling Commission established

First tourism boat arrives in Antarctica

Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research founded. Charged with initiating, developing and coordinating high quality international scientific research in the Antarctic region (including the Southern Ocean), and on the role of the Antarctic region in the Earth system.

The Antarctic Treaty, signed put an end to many claims of sovereignty and set aside Antarctica as a scientific preserve where military activity was banned.

AT comes into force

Grytviken abandoned as whale stocks severely depleted and whaling no longer commercially viable

Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Seals

Antarctic and Southern Ocean Coalition of NGOs created - supports the creation of marine protected areas and marine reserves to ensure that these species and the habitats they depend on are fully protected

Late 1970s/early 80s

Some members of AT secretly try to formulate a new mineral convention

Decision to pause whaling on all stocks from 1985/86 season onwards

Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) comes into force

Peak of fish stocks landed, collapse followed 1990's collapse of USSR

Mineral Convention adopted BUT never came into force as it was not ratified by members

CCAMLR set up the Ecosystem Monitoring Program (CEMP) to further monitor the effects of fishing and harvesting of species in the area.

IAATO founded to advocate and promote the practice of safe and environmentally responsible private-sector travel to the Antarctic.

IWC establishes Southern Ocean Whale Sanctuary

The Madrid Protocol - banned all mining activities in Antarctica. (Protocol on Environmental Protection)

Ross Sea Marine Park was finally declared by the CCAMLR

Review of Antarctic Treaty - deposits of gold, iron ore, coal and oil have been discovered, although they are currently uneconomic to mine.

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