Antarctica Timeline

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1800

Fur seals of South Georgia wiped out

1904

Norwegians establish Grytviken on South Georgia for whaling

1911

Amundson and Scott race to the Pole

1946

International Whaling Commission established

1958

First tourism boat arrives in Antarctica

1958 SCAR

Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research founded. Charged with initiating, developing and coordinating high quality international scientific research in the Antarctic region (including the Southern Ocean), and on the role of the Antarctic region in the Earth system.

1959

The Antarctic Treaty, signed put an end to many claims of sovereignty and set aside Antarctica as a scientific preserve where military activity was banned.

1961

AT comes into force

1965

Grytviken abandoned as whale stocks severely depleted and whaling no longer commercially viable

1972

Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Seals

1978

Antarctic and Southern Ocean Coalition of NGOs created - supports the creation of marine protected areas and marine reserves to ensure that these species and the habitats they depend on are fully protected

Late 1970s/early 80s

Some members of AT secretly try to formulate a new mineral convention

1982

Decision to pause whaling on all stocks from 1985/86 season onwards

1982 CCAMLR

Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) comes into force

Mid 1980s

Peak of fish stocks landed, collapse followed 1990's collapse of USSR

1988

Mineral Convention adopted BUT never came into force as it was not ratified by members

1989

CCAMLR set up the Ecosystem Monitoring Program (CEMP) to further monitor the effects of fishing and harvesting of species in the area.