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Chapter 4

Terms in this set (52)

Account of Behavior
An effort at maintaining the self by explaining the reasons for or facts surrounding the behavior.
Cognitive Dissonance
When individuals change their ideas to support a seemingly untenable situation so it makes sense to them.
Disclaimers
An aspect of maintaining our presentation of self in which we deny behavior that contradicts how we wish to be views.
Dramaturgical Approach
An approach to the study of interaction in which interaction is compared to a drama on stage; the importance of setting and presentation of self are emphasized.
Excuse of Behavior
An effort at maintaining the self by justifying or making an apology for the behavior.
Expressive Role
A role that emphasizes warmth and understanding; associated with women more than men.
External Cues
Society outside self that influences behavior.
Gender Identity
The social construction of boys and girls, men and women, as opposed to their biological characteristics.
General Impression of Self
George Mead; How you usually view yourself on a day to day basis.
Generalized Other
The assumption that other people have similar attitudes, values, beliefs, and expectations.
I
The acting, unselfconscious person.
Instinct
Biological or hereditary impulses, drives, or behaviors that require no learning or reasoning.
Instrumental Role
A role that emphasizes accomplishments of task.
Internal Cues
Society within self that influences behavior.
Looking-glass Self
Charles Cooley; A process occurring in social interaction.
1) How we think our behavior appears to others.
2) How we think others judge our behaviors.
3) How we feel about their judgement.
Mass Media
Forms of communication.
Me
The part of self that sees self as object, evaluates self, and is aware of society's expectations of self.
Mind
The process of using a language and thinking.
Mortification of Self
Stripping the self of all the characteristics of a past identity.
Nature-Nurture Debate
A longstanding debate over whether behavior results from predetermined biological characteristics or from socialization.
Peer Group
An informal primary group of people who share a similar or equal status and who are usually of roughly same age.
Play
George Mead; A way of practicing role taking.
Presentation of Self
The way we present ourselves to others and how our presentation influences others.
Re-socialization
Socialization to a new role or position in life that requires a dramatic shift in the attitudes, values, behaviors, and expectations learned in the past.
Role Taking
Assuming the roles of others and seeing the world from their perspective.
Self
The sense of one's own identity as a person.
Self-fulfilling Prophecy
A prediction that comes true because people believe it and act as though it were true.
Significant Others
Persons that one identifies with psychologically and whose opinions are considered important.
Situational Sense of Self
George Mead; An idea of oneself that derives from a particular, immediate situation.
Socialization
The process of learning how to interact in society by learning the rules and expectations of society.
Sociobiology
The study of the biological and genetic determinants of social behavior.
Stockholm Syndrome
The behavior of kidnap victims who form a perverse emotional boding with their captors.
Symbolic Interaction Theory
The social theory stressing interactions between people and the social processes that occur within the individual that are made possible by language and internalized meanings.
What was Rene Spitz's Study?
Observed children who has apparently been healthy when they were born and who had been living in a foundling home for about two years.
What was Rene Spitz's Conclusion?
The amount of attention the children received is the crucial importance of social interactions in child development.
What was Kingsley Davis' Study?
He studied two girls in the 1930's who had been hidden in attics of their family homes because the were illegitimate and unwanted.
What was Kingsley Davis' Conclusion?
The girls learned to speak, walk, run, and sing.
Feral Child
A child that was brought up as wild.
Symbolic Interaction in Humans
Humans have the ability to create societies, cultures, and social institutions. Humans use language. Animals are incapable of doing any of those.
George Mead's Book
"Mind, Self and Society from the Standpoint of a Social Behaviorist"
Summary of "Mind, Self and Society from the Standpoint of a Social Behaviorist"
The unique feature of the human mind is its capacity to use symbols, and how human development proceeds because of this ability.
Language is a symbol system.
Verstehen
Max Weber's concept referring to a deep imagining of how things might be and feel for others.
Charles Cooley's Book
"Human Nature and the Social Order (1902)"
Erving Goffman
Interested in the process of interaction once a self has been developed. The presentation of self, or "body language." The dramaturgical approach.
Preedy
A character by Goffman that could tell about himself without saying a word.
Agencies of Socialization
The most influential interaction occurs in particular groups.
Examples of Agencies of Socialization
Family (primary agency), schools, peer groups, and mass media.
Example of Adult Socialization
Family, children, schools, and occupational training.
Examples of Re-socialization and Mortification of Self.
Armed forces, prisons, and mental hospitals.
Dr. Joseph Carver's Book
"Love and Stockholm Syndrome"
Battered Spouse Syndrome
A wife (possibly a husband) is physically/sexually/emotionally abused by their spouse and has a loss of self-esteem, self-worth, sense of dependence and isolation.
Viktor Frankl's Book
"Man's Search for Meaning: An Introduction to Logo-therapy"
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