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Endocrine My A+P HW

Terms in this set (30)

What gland secretes the hormone calcitonin?
Thyroid gland
Which hormone secreted by the pituitary gland causes the thyroid gland to release thyroid hormones?
Thyroid-Stimulating hormone (TSH)
The release of ACTH from the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland causes the _______.
adrenal cortex to release glucocorticoids
Which hormone affects the smooth muscle of the ductus deferens and uterus?
Oxytocin (OXT)
When blood glucose levels are high what happens
The pancreas releases insulin
A liver cell responds to insulin by
Taking in glucose and converting it to glycogen
What cells in the body respond to glucagon by breaking down glycogen and releasing glucose?
Liver cells
Body cells that respond to insulin include
Liver cells as well as most other cells in the body
When blood glucose levels are low
The pancreas releases glucagon, which eventually causes blood glucose levels to increase.
The body's tendency to maintain relatively constant internal conditions is called
Homeostasis
Which group of hormones cause an anti-inflammatory action?
glucocorticoids
the brain region that exerts the most direct effects on the endocrine system is the?
Hypothalamus
What is released by the neurohypophysis?
ADH (vasopressin) and OXT
The primary function of ADH is?
to decrease the amount of water loss at the kidneys
The hypothalamus controls secretion by the adenohypophysis by?
secreting releasing and inhibiting factors into a tiny portal system.
Excess secretion of growth hormone during early development will cause?
gigantism
What organs contain target cells for oxytocin?
uterus, prostate, ductus deferens, mammary glands
Growth hormone
promotes amino acid uptake by cells, muscle/skeletal growth, and is glucose sparing
The pituitary hormone that stimulates milk production by the mammary glands is
Prolactin (PRL)
PRL is to ________ as ACTH is to ________
Prolactin; Coritcotopin
Thyroid follicles contain?
Thyroglobulin, T3, T4
What cells are target cells for the hormone that causes a decrease in blood-calcium concentration
osteoclasts
The two lobes of the thyroid gland are connected by the?
Isthmus
What do Parathyroid glands secrete and what is its function?
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and causes elevated blood calcium concentration
Melatonin is secreted by?
pinealocytes
The pineal gland
contains pinealocytes, secretes melatonin, responds to light/darkness and is a component of the epithalamus
What might occur in an overdose of insulin?
Low blood glucose
When blood glucose levels rise
insulin is released
What directly regulates the secretion of insulin?
Blood-glucose concentration
What hormone increases production of red blood cells?
erythropoietin
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