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HIT-150 MindTap Chapter 25

Terms in this set (30)

The most commonly used cardiac glycoside is :
(digoxin, lidocaine, procainamide, propafenone).
digoxin
If a client who is taking digoxin has an apical heart rate of 56, then the dose should be (cut in half, doubled, withheld, given) until the physician is notified.
withheld
Propranolol (Inderal) is considered to be a : (nonselective, selective, strong, weak) beta-blocker.
nonselective
The hypotensive effect of beta-blockers can be potentiated by various medications and (alcohol, fatigue, physical activity, weight loss).
alcohol
The antiarrhythmic disopyramide (Norpace) acts by decreasing myocardial excitability and inhibiting conduction, and may depress myocardial :
(conduction, contractility, rate, rhytm).
contractility
There is a strong, consistent relationship between blood pressure and the risk of : (cardiovascular, endocrine, neurological, pulmonary) disease.
cardiovascular
A client whose blood pressure is 135/85 is considered to have : (normal bloop pressure, prehypertension, stage 1 hypertension, tage 2 hypertension).
prehypertension,
normal blood pressure = 120/80.
The most common side effect of antihypertensives is :
(postural hypotension, nausea, cough, rash).
postural hypotension
The peripheral vasodilator hydralazine is effective in clients with congestive heart failure because it : (decrease, increase, has no effect, maintains) the heart rate and cardiac output.
increase
Hypertension medications that are : (capsuled, extended release, scored, tablets) should not be crushed or chewed.
extended release
The (bile acid sequestrants, fibric acid derivatives, nicotinic acids, statins) classification of antilipemic medications is very effective in lowering LDL levels, improving HDL levels, and reducing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
(bile acid sequestrants, fibric acid derivatives, nicotinic acids, statins)
statins
For clients who have hepatic or renal disease and high cholesterol levels, the use of (bile acid sequestrants, fibric acid derivatives, nicotinic acids, statins) is contraindicated.
statins
Anticoagulants such as coumarin and (aspirin, alteplase, heparin, platelet) only interfere with the coagulation process but do not dissolve clots.
heparin
Coumarin derivatives are administered : (orally, intramuscularly, intravenously, subcutaneously).
orally
Therapeutic levels of coumarin are measured by the(aPTT, RBC, platelet count, PT/INR)blood level.
PT/INR
An older adult client is on digoxin (Lanoxin), a cardiac glycoside, for the treatment of heart failure. What is important for the health care professional to assess prior to administering this medication?
a. Respiratory rate
b. Heart rate
c. Intravenous
d. Temperature
B
A health care professional is working in the cardiac step-down unit and is required to have an understanding of the function of cardiac medications. What is the MAJOR function of cardiac glycosides?
a. They act directly on the myocardium to increase the force of myocardial contractions.
b. They assist with vasodilation of the cardiac vessels.
c. They improve glucose in the myocardial cells.
d. They speed up the heart rate to reduce cardiac output.
A
A client is taking digoxin (Lanoxin), a cardiac glycoside. What is important for the health care professional to teach the client about taking this medication?
a. You may experience an increase in appetite while taking this medication.
b. Continue taking the medication even if side effects occur.
c. Over-the-counter medications do not interact with this medication.
d. Avoid abrupt withdrawal of this medication after prolonged use.
D
Adenosine (Adenocard) is an antiarrhythmic agent given to clients in supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). Which of the following are common side effects of Adenocard?
a. Tics and tremors
b. Ataxia and facial asymmetry
c. Mental confusion and anxiety
d. Facial flushing and light-headedness
D
A client in the cardiac care unit (CCU) has been ordered amiodarone (Cordarone), an antiarrhythmic, for atrial fibrillation. Under what circumstances would amiodarone be contraindicated?
a. Clients with second- or third-degree heart block
b. Atrial flutter
c. Cardiomyopathy
d. Ventricular arrhythmias
A
Metropolol (Lopressor) is a beta-adrenergic blocker used for myocardial infarction. Which common side effect might occur if this medication were administered to a client with asthma?
a. Headache
b. Hypertension
c. Bronchospasm
d. Hyperglycemia
C
A client has been prescribed a calcium channel blocker. What food should the health care professional educate this client to avoid while taking this medication?
a. Prune juice
b. Carrot juice
c. Grapefruit juice
d. Apple juice
C
A client has been diagnosed with hypertension and asks the health care professional if the prescribed antihypertensive medication will cure her hypertension. Which statement is the BEST response?
a. Yes. If you take the medication for at least six months, then you should be cured.
b. Studies have shown that herbal remedies may work better than antihypertensives.
c. Antihypertensives do not cure hypertension; they only control it.
d. Perhaps you should seek another opinion if you are seeking a cure.
C
A client is receiving a thrombolytic agent for the onset of an acute myocardial infarction ST elevation MI. What is the MOST serious complication of thrombolytic therapy?
a. Intracranial hemorrhage
b. Thrombocytopenia
c. Methemoglobinemia
d. Thrombus formation
A
A health care professional is caring for a client with diabetes and hypertension. Which class of antihypertensives is the treatment of choice for hypertension in a client with a comorbidity of diabetes?
a. Beta-adrenergics
b. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs)
c. Calcium channel blockers
d. Thiazide diuretics
C
A health care professional is caring for a client taking antihypertensive pharmacotherapy. She will be monitoring the client's blood pressure and vital signs. What is the MOST common side effect of antihypertensives?
a. Alopecia
b. Melisma
c. Insomnia
d. Hypotension
D
A client was recently prescribed losartan (Cozaar), an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB), for the treatment of hypertension. When compared to ACEIs, ARBs are associated with a lower risk of which of the following?
a. Drug-induced cough
b. Hyperkalemia
c. Hypotension
d. Hypokalemia
A
A client who is pregnant is being treated for hypertension. Which of the following antihypertensives is the drug of choice to treat hypertension in pregnant women?
a. Methyldopa
b. Avapro
c. Atenolol
d. Cozaar
A
A client has been prescribed an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (statin), an antilipemic agent for monotherapy to manage high cholesterol. What condition is a rare but serious side effect of statins?
a. Somnolence
b. Diplopia
c. Rhabdomyolysis
d. Nystagmus
C
A client, status post recurrent transient ischemic attacks (TIAs), has been prescribed acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) therapy and a platelet aggregate inhibitor to reduce the risk of recurrence and to prevent thrombosis. What instructions should the health care professional provide to this client about taking aspirin?
a. Aspirin should not be administered within two hours of meals.
b. Aspirin should be administered on an empty stomach.
c. Enteric-coated aspirin can be crushed or chewed to reduce gastric irritation.
d. Aspirin should be administered with food or milk.
D
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