Upgrade to remove ads
Only $35.99/year

chapter 14 study guide

Terms in this set (59)

Gustatory information reaches the brain by way of
cranial nerve 9
________ is a condition resulting from an inflammation of a facial nerve.
Bell's Palsy
There are ________ pairs of cranial nerves.
12 pairs
Droopy eyelids and double vision can result from injury to the ________ nerve.
Oculomotor
The cranial nerves that innervate the eye muscles are.......................................
3, 4, 6
The cranial nerve that has three major branches is the ......................................
trigeminial
Sensory innervation of the lower teeth and gums is by the ________ nerve.
mandibular branch of trigeminal
Difficulty in swallowing may be a sign of damage to which cranial nerve(s)? ......................
A and C only (vagus and glossopharyngea)
A reflex that is used to assess the sensory function of the trigeminal nerve is the ________
corneal
Which of the cranial nerves is named for the fact that it "wanders," that is, innervates structures throughout the thorax and abdomen? .............................................................
Cranial nerve 5
Which sensation(s) does the vestibulocochlear nerve carry? ...................................
A and B hearing and equilibrium
Jean needs to have a tooth in her mandible filled. Her dentist injects a local anesthetic to block pain afferents in one of her cranial nerves. What cranial nerve does the dentist numb? .........
trigeminial
You suspect your friend has damage to cranial nerve I when he is unable to ....................
smell his food
Olfactory receptors send axons through the cribriform plate and synapse on neurons in the
olfactory bulb
At the optic chiasm, .........................................................
axons from the nasal halves of each retina cross
A patient develops a tumor of a cranial nerve that leads to difficulty in speaking from a loss of tongue movement. Which cranial nerve is affected? .........................................
hypoglossal
Symptoms associate with damage to the spinal accessory nerve .........................................
weakness of the sternocleidomast
The patient has the following symptoms: change in vocal tone, problems swallowing, inability to control urination, erratic heart rate, and gastric problems. You would identify the problem as being related to the.....................................................
vagus nerve
Which of the following lies between the cerebrum and the brain stem? .....................
diencephalon
The floor of the diencephalon is formed by the ......................................................
hypothalamus
The tracts that connect the cerebellum to the brain stem are located in the ........................
pons
Autonomic centers that control blood pressure, heart rate, and digestion are located in the.............
medulla oblongata
The cerebellum and pons develop from the .........................................................
metencephalon
Sensory information is processed and relayed to the cerebrum by the ..........................
thalamus
As you ascend from the medulla oblongata to the cerebrum, the functions of each successive level become ......................................................
both A and B (more complex, simpler)
The ________ provides the principal link between the nervous and endocrine systems.
hypothalamus
The thin partition that separates the first and second ventricles is the .............................
septum pellucidum
The most obvious feature that one notices about the cerebrum is the...............................
extensiveness of the gyri and sulci
The third and fourth ventricles are linked by a slender canal designated as the ...................
mesencephalon aqueduct
The ventricle associated with the pons and upper medulla is the ...................................
fourth
Specialized ________ cells form the secretory component of the choroid plexus.
ependymal
The dural sinuses are located in the ....................................................................
dural folds
What structure is covered by many blood vessels and adheres tightly to the surface of the brain? ..............................................................................
pia matter
The brain requires a substantial blood supply. The vessels that deliver blood to the brain are the
internal carotid and vertebral arteries
Properties of the blood-brain barrier .................................
All of the above
The dural fold that projects into the longitudinal fissure between cerebral hemispheres is called the ..............................................................
falx cerebri
The choroid plexus is composed of.....................................................
blood vessels
Cerebrospinal fluid enters the blood circulation at the .............................................
superior sagittal sinus
Which of the following help to protect the brain? ............................................
All of the above
What contains a spider web-like network of cells and fibers through which cerebrospinal fluid flows? ....................................................
subarachnoid space
Ependymal cells work to .................................................................
All of the above
Function of cerebrospinal fluid? ...............................
mechanical protection, chemical protection, circulation
The cells that cover the outer surfaces of CNS capillary endothelial cells are the ...............
astocytes
The layer of the meninges that closely follows every gyrus and sulcus is the ......................
pia matter
Hydrocephalus, or "water on the brain," may result from.............................................
blockage of CSF circulation or excessive CSF production
The control of heart rate and blood pressure is based in the........................................
medulla oblongata
The medulla oblongata regulates........................................................................
Both A and C blood pressure and respiration
If the pons was damaged, which of the following functions would be affected?..................
Breathing
Overseeing the postural muscles of the body and making rapid adjustments to maintain Balance and equilibrium are functions of the ........................................................
cerebellum
The cerebellar hemispheres are separated by a band of cortex called the.......................
vermis
The white matter of the cerebellum forms the....................................................
arbor lobe
The presence of many large, highly-branched Purkinje cells in a sample of brain tissue indicates that it came from the.............................................
cerebellar cortex
The cerebellum can be permanently damaged by stroke or temporarily affected by drugs or alcohol. The resulting disturbance in motor control is known as ...........................
ataxia
The hypothalamus is a key player in the endocrine system because........................
it controls the pituitary gland directly underneath it
Function of the hypothalamus?...........................
All of the above
Epithalamus is the ...................................
The dorsal posterior segment of the diencephalon, involved in the maintenance of circadian rhythms and regulation of motor pathways and emotions.
The optic tracts carry visual information from the retina to the.................................
lateral geniculates
Function of the thalamus?..........................................
process sensory information and relay it to the cerebrum
The thalamus is often called the "air traffic controller" of the brain because it..................
determines the routing of incoming sensory information to the correct cerebral cortex area
Sets with similar terms