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9.4 - Business, Labor and Politics in the Gilded Age (Progressive Presidents)

Terms in this set (11)

Mark Hanna
President McKinley's campaign manager who disliked Theodore Roosevelt and arranged for his selection as McKinley running mate.
Sherman Anti-Trust Act
1890 law banning business combinations "in restraint of trade." Often used against unions, Theodore Roosevelt used it to take monopolies to court, giving him the nickname "Trustbuster."
Trust Buster
Nickname for President Theodore Roosevelt, referring to the numerous lawsuits he filed against monopolies using the Sherman Anti-Trust Act.
William Howard Taft
Republican president who succeeded Roosevelt. He had previously served as Governor of the Philippines. His presidency did not go well and he lost his bid for reelection after Roosevelt ran as an independent. He later served as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.
Bull Moose Party
Nickname for the independent party that nominated former president Roosevelt in 1912 after he lost his bid for the Republican nomination.
Election of 1912
Presidential election in which Republican president Taft lost his bid for reelection when Roosevelt ran as an independent. Due to the split in the Republican Party, Democrat Woodrow Wilson won the presidency.
Woodrow Wilson
Democratic president from New Jersey. He was president of Princeton University and governor of New Jersey. He defeated Roosevelt and Taft to win the presidency in 1912 and was president during World War One.
New Freedom
President Wilson's campaign promise. He wanted to reduce tariffs and limit the power of banks and trusts.
Federal Reserve
Government organization charged with maintaining a steady overall economy. They control the amount of money printed and in circulation. They also control the interest rates banks pay to borrow money.
Clayton Antitrust Act
1914 law that clarified the Sherman Ant-Trust Act. It was used by president Wilson to continue antitrust court battles.
Federal Trade Commission
Government organization charged with monitoring business activities, especially to limit the creation of monopolies.
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