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Electric Circuits: AP Physics 2

Terms in this set (21)

dielectrics in capacitors
insulating material between capacitor plates
increase capacitance
decrease electric field
equivalent resistance in parallel
1/Req = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3
total resistance decreases and current increases , like increasing the area (versus series)
equivalent resistance in series
Req = R1 + R2 + R3
total resistance increase and current decreases, like increasing the length (versus parallel)
Ohm's Law
ΔV=IR
resistivity
a material's opposition to the flow of electric current. p=RA/L
internal resistance
resistance of a battery (not ideal)
ΔVbatt=ε-Ir
current
flow of charge measured in Amperes. I=ΔQ/Δt
current in a series circuit
the same everywhere
current in a parallel circuit
shared between branches
Loop Rule
the Sum of changes in potential (voltage) around a closed loop is zero
Junction Rule
the sum of all currents entering a junction must equal the sum of the currents leaving (conservation of charge)
Power (related to "brightness")
P=IΔV or P=((ΔV)^2)/R
electromotive force (emf)
ε
capacitor
stores charge-- becomes fully charged when its potential difference is equal to the battery's (i think)
dielectric constant
ratio of field magnitude w/o dielectric to field magnitude inside dielectric
equivalent capacitance in parallel
Ceq = C1 + C2 + C3 + ...
equivalent capacitance in series
1/Ceq = 1/C1 + 1/C2 + 1/C3 + 1/...
capacitors at t=0
uncharged and circuit acts like it's not present (so if it's on lone path, current would want to flow through it bc least resistance)
ΔVbatt=ε-Ir
parallels
y=mx+b
ΔV=-rI+ε
non-ohmic
resistance not constant, usually through temperature change. graph of ΔV vs I would not be linear for deez
variable circuit components
values can change
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