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APUSH Week One Vocab

Terms in this set (39)

Corn
Introduced by Indians to Europeans
Horses
Introduced by Europeans to Indians
Disease
Introduced by Europeans, wiped out as much as 90% of Native American Population
enconienda system
Spanish system in which king of Spain granted land and native workers to individual Spainyards
Asiento System
Required Spanish citizens to pay a tax to the King on each slave imported to the Americas
Slavery
Had existed all over the world; native Americans used; mostly imported from West Africa; resisted in various ways
Land Bridge
Suggested route for Asians to Americas over 40,000 years ago; between Siberia and Alaska
Adena-Hopewell
Early American Indian civilization in the North east (Ohio Valley); hunters and farmers- Iroquois
Hokokam, Anasazi, and Pueblos
Early Indian civilization in the South West; lives in caves, cliffs, hit hard by drought and other hostile groups
Woodland mound builders
Built timber and bark lodgings along rivers along the Atlantic seaboard
Lakota Sioux
Early civilization on the Great Plains; with horses, moved from farming to hunting buffalo.
Mayas
In AD 300-800, built complex civilizations in the rainforest
Incas
Developed a vast empire in South America
Aztecs
Very complex and powerful civilization in central Mexico
Conquistadors
Spanish conquerors who conquered Aztec, Incas, and other civilizations in the Americas
Hernan Cortes
Conquistador who conquered the Aztecs
Francisco Pizarro
Conquistador who conquered the Incas
New Laws of 1542
Laws pushed by Spanish Priest Bartolome de Las Casas that ended Indian slavery, hated forced Indian labor, and Began the encomienda system that kept Indiana in serfdom
Roanoke Island
Early but failed colonial venture off the coast of North Carolina in 1587
Compass
Speed exploration, made navigation easier
Printing Press
Helped spread knowledge across Europe
Ferdinand and Isabella
Conquered last moorish stronghold and took Power in Spain; funded Columbus' Voyage. Signaled new leadership and power for Europeans under Catholic Faith
Protestant Reformation
Early 1500's movement that revolted against the authority of the Pope; led to race among Catholics and Protestants to spread Christianity throughout the world
Henry the Navigator
Portugal; opened a sea route along the southern tip of Africa to China and India
Christopher Columbus
Accidentally discovered the Americas seeking a shorter route to India
Treaty of Tordesillas
Divided all "new" lands in the Americas between Spain and Portugal ; virtually ignored by other nations later.
slave trade
Carried over from Europe and Africa into the Americas
nation-state
Replaced the small kingdoms and multiethnic empires; majority of people shared a common culture and loyalty toward a central government
Algonquian
One of the largest Indian tribes; located in the Northeast
Siouan
One do the largest Indian tribes; located in the southwest
Iroquois Confederation
Political union of five Indian confederations in the Mohawk Valley of NY
Longhouses
Multiple family houses of the Iroquois that were up to 209 feet long
John Cabot
Italian sea captain who sailed for England; explored coast of Newfoundland in late 1400's
Jaques Cartier
Explored St. Lawrence River for France from 1534-1542
Samuel de Champlain
Established first permanent French settlement in America at Quebec
Henry Hudson
English sailor commissioned by the Dutch seeking westward passage through Northern America; established settlement that would later become New York
Bartolome de Las Casas
Spanish priest sympathetic to Native Americans; advocated New laws of 1542
Valladolid Debate
Argument among Spanish authorities over whether Native Americans were "human" or "less than human"
Juan Gines de Sepulveda
Argued against las casas, making case that Indians were less than Human
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