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Advanced American 1 Studies Test 1- Gerard

Terms in this set (55)

The Spanish conquistador who conquered the Aztec Empire.
Herando Cortes
This European group, known for their seamanship, reached America in 1000 A.D, explored the east coast of North America and established a settlement in Newfound land.
The Vikings
This was the first permanent European colony in North America and was founded by the Spanish in 1565. The city claims to rightly be the oldest city in North America.
St. Augustine
The London Company, the Virginia Company and the Dutch East India Company are all examples of this type and business organization.
Joint- Stock Companies
This dissenting groups associated with the colony Pennsylvania was dedicated to spiritual and social equality and committed to plain living and high thinking.
The Quakers
This was America's first cash crop and was the livelihood of Virginia gentleman John Rolfe.
Tobacco
This group settled mostly in the highlands of Virginia and North Carolina. Their country of origin was lower Scotland by way of Ireland.
Scots- Irish
This group of settlers no longer believed in the reform of England's Anglican Church and wanted to form a civil and godly community in Virginia but ended up in Massachusetts.
Pilgrims or Seperatists
This group of Indians, described as gentle and generous, were decimated by Columbus and his men in the Bahamas.
The Arawaks
This southern colony was founded by eight noble families from Barbados to supply the English sugar colony in the Caribbean.
South Carolina
This church was established by the Puritans in the 17th Century and is the second Protestant sect in America.
Congregationalist.
In this year known in Virginia as the Red Letter Date, the first group of slaves and women arrived in America.
1619
The Pequots, Naragansetts, and Wampanoags are Native America peoples particular to what region in America?
New England
This belief was advocated by Anne Hutchinson who did not believe that one had to perform food works to earn salvation but that people already God's grace through the martyred life of Christ.
The Covenant of Grace
This union of New England states in 1643 enabled the New England colonies to defeat an alliance of Indian tribes, solving to a large extent the Indian problems in New England for the rest of the region's history.
New England Confederation
This first colony off the coast of North Carolina gave birth to the first baby born in America- Virginia Dare- but after a portion of the group returned to England and did not return for 2 years, the original Colony disappeared.
Lost Colony
This type of economy is based on searfaring occupation such as cod fishing, whaling and shipbuilding.
A Maritime colony.
This document, authored by William Bradford and signed by the new colony's freeman, reflects the decision of the Pilgrims to create a community in which all freemen will participate in forming the government and managing the colony.
Mayflower Compact
This was milk given to children from cows that has consumed the run- off from breweries in the colonial era.
Swill Milk
These two institutions were America's first centers of higher learning.
Harvard (1636) and William and Mary (1693)
In these four colonial cities, people could attend dramatic and musical productions.
Boston, New York, Philadelphia, and Charleston.
These five colonies welcomed those of the Hebrew faith.
New York (New Amsterdam), Delaware, Rhode Island, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey.
This religious movement of the 1730s was motivated by the belief that the colonists had strayed from the church and moral behavior. It is associated with evangelical ministers and sermons full of hellfire which warned against sinfulness.
The First Great Awakening
This conflict in England resulted in thousands of Puritans emigrting emigrating to America in the 1630s.
The English Civil War
This Puritan leader called himself Lord Protector of the English Commonwealth when Puritans forces defeated the king's troops and established the English Commonwealth.
Oliver Cromwell
This younger brother of Charles 2, received a large grant and became the proprietor of New York and New Jersey, before becoming King James 2.
James, Duke of York.
This Calvinist belief taught that some Christians already were pre- destined for salvation.
Predestination
This tobacco planter married the Indian princess Pocahontas.
John Rolfe.
This colony was founded by a dissenting Puritan who believed there should be separation between church and state.
Roger Williams. Rhode Island. It was the only colony that had its church and state separate.
This position of colonial authority in Royal colonies was appointed by the monarch in England and governed with a ruling council and a popularly elected colonial assembly.
governor of the colony.
This rebellion led by a planter on Virginia's frontier aroused fear in wealthy Virginians and resulted in more attention being paid to the concerns of the middle-class and the poor?
Bacon's Rebellion.
Friendly relations between these two groups in the southern colonies led Virginia to pass laws that were race-based and intended to draw attention to their differences.
poor whites and slaves or white and black workers
This is the name for the mixed-race people from Africa and the Caribbean who were brought to America as indentured servants or slaves.
Atlantic Creoles
This is the name for the period in American history when the British under England's first Prime Minister Robert Wapole had little involvement in the American colonies feeling they were Englishmen and were capable of handling their own affairs.
Period of Salutary Neglect
This colonial staple from the waters off New England, was the main diet of slaves in the Americas.
cod.
These two products from America, exported from the southern colonies and the British islands in the Caribbean changed the habits of many Englishmen as well as their tastes.
sugar and tobacco.
These slips of paper were provided by London merchants to the American colonists so they could purchase slaves and British products.
Bills of Exchange.
The colonies of Plymouth and Jamestown were founded during the reign of this English monarch.
James I
Two-thirds of settlers coming to colonial America south of New York came via this legal arrangement?
indentured servitude.
This European power led in the exploration of the Americas?
Spain.
This European country rivaled England's sea power and took three wars for them to give up their holdings in New York and New Jersey?
the Netherlands.
This English military officer who claimed to have been saved by an Indian princess is credited with saving the Jamestown colony in its early years.
Captain John Smith.
The French established these from Canada south into the Ohio River Valley for the purposes of engaging in a commercial relationship with the Native Americans?
trading posts.
This war fought from 1755-1763 resulted in the French being expelled from British North America to re-settle in Louisiana and Quebec, Canada. It also brought British troops in large numbers to the American colonies?
Queen Anne's or The Seven Years War.
This colony was founded as a buffer state between South Carolina and Spanish Florida?
Georgia.
These laws, first passed under Oliver Cromwell tenure as Lord Protector, required the American colonists to ship goods in English ships with English crews and to pass through British ports. The laws also enumerated or listed the products the colonists could export with or without a duty added.
Navigation Laws.
This country arrived too late to take gold and silver from the Americas but they were very successful operating as pirates and plundering the gold and silver laden Spanish galleons.
England or English pirates.
This document written by the freemen of Connecticut functioned as a constitution or framework for government in that colony?
Fundamental Orders.
The rights of people to freedom of speech, religion, the press, peaceful assembly are known by this name?
civil liberties
These products were grown in South Carolina and Georgia as it was too hot and humid for tobacco to thrive there?
rice and indigo.
This 1702 document was agreed to by William Penn, proprietor and governor of the Pennsylvania colony?
Charter of Liberties.
This 17th C war in New England brought together the region's English settlers against an alliance of natives in a conflict which resulted in an English victory and the permanent exodus of Indians from the region.
the Pequot War or King Philip's War.
This group of religious dissenters did not worship in churches but buildings called meeting houses and today are associated with a number of outstanding elementary and high schools in the Mid-Atlantic region of America?
the Quakers.
This is the island where Colombus first landed in the Americas?
Hispaniola.
This island, purchased from the local Indians by the Dutch, today bears many neighborhoods, streets and landmarks with Dutch names?
Manhattan.
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