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Milady's Nail Technology Chapter 5

Terms in this set (59)

MSDS
Material Safety Data Sheet
Infection
Invasion of body tissues by disease causing pathogenic bacteria.
Infectious disease
Caused by harmful organisms that are easily spread from one person to another.
Disinfectants used in salons must be:
Bactericidal, fungicidal, and virucidal.
Bacteria
One-celled microorganisms having both plant and animal characteristics. Also known as microbes or germs.
Microorganisms
Organisms of microscopic or submicroscopic size.
Nonpathogenic
Harmless organisms.
Pathogenic
Harmful bacteria, may cause disease or infection.
Direct transmission
Transmission of blood or body fluids from or to the client through touching.
Indirect transmission
Transmission of blood or body fluids through contact with an immediate contaminated object.
Infectious
Communicable.
Communicable
Can be spread from person to person.
Parasite
An organism that grows, feeds, and shelters on or in other organisms while contributing nothing to the survival of that organism.
Toxins
Various poisonous substances produced by some microorganisms (bacteria and viruses).
Virus
A parasitic submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in cells of biological organisms.
Cocci
Round-shaped bacteria that appear alone or in groups.
Staphylococci
Pus-forming bacteria that grow in clusters like bunches of grapes. Cause abscesses, pustules, boils.
Streptococci
Pus-forming bacteria arranged in curved lines resembling a string of beads. Cause strep throat and blood poisoning.
Diplococci
Spherical bacteria that grow in pairs and cause pneumonia.
Bacilli
Short, rod-shaped bacteria. Cause tetanus typhoid fever, tuberculosis, and diphtheria.
Spirilla
Spiral or corkscrew shaped bacteria. Cause syphilis and Borrelia burgorferi.
Motility
Self movement.
Flagella/cilia
Slender, hairlike extensions.
Active stage
Bacteria grow and reproduce.
Mitosis
One cell divides into two cells.
Inactive or spore-forming stage
Bacteria coat themselves with wax outer shells that are able to withstand long periods.
Inflammation
A condition in which the body reacts to protects itself from injury, irritation, or infection. Characterized by redness, heat, pain, and swelling.
Pus
A fluid created by tissue inflammation that contains white blood cells, bacteria, and dead cells. Sign of a bacterial infection.
Local Infection
Confined to a particular part of the body: a pimple.
General Infection
An infection affecting the entire body: AIDS.
Staph infection resistant to certain antibiotics
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Contagious disease
A disease that spreads from person to person.
Allergy
Reaction due to extreme sensitivity.
Contamination
The presence of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an item's surface or visible debris.
Decontamination
The removal of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an item's surface.
Disease
Abnormal condition of all or part of the body, organ, or mind that makes it incapable of carrying out normal function.
Exposure incident
Exposure with broken skin, blood, body fluid, or other potentially infectious materials that is the result of the performance of an employee's duties.
Occupational disease
Illness resulting from conditions associated with employment.
Parasitic disease
Disease caused by parasites: lice, mites.
Systemic disease
Disease that affects the body as a whole.
Bloodborne pathogens
Disease-causing microorganisms that are carried in the body by blood or body fluids, such as hepatitis or HIV.
Hepatitis
A bloodborne virus causing disease that damages the liver.
HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus, the virus that causes AIDS.
AIDS
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: breaks down the body's immune system.
Fungi
Microscopic plant parasites: molds, mildews, and yeasts.
Scabies
A contagious skin disease that is caused by itch mite, which burrows under the skin.
Immunity
The ability of the body to destroy and resist infection.
Natural immunity
Immunity partly inherited and partly developed through healthy living.
Acquired immunity
Immunity that the body develops after overcoming disease or through inoculations.
Clean
Too remove all visible dirt and debris with liquid soap and water.
Disinfection
The process that eliminates most, but not necessarily all, microorganism on non-living surfaces. Does not kill spores.
Disinfectants
Chemical products that destroy all bacteria, fungi, and viruses (but not spored) or surfaces.
Sterilization
Process that completely destroys all microbial life, including spores.
Efficacy
The effectiveness with which a disinfecting solution kils specigic organisms.
Quaternary ammonium compounds
QUATS: Disinfectants that are very effective when used properly.
Phenolics
Phenols: Disinfectants that are powerful tuberculocidal disinfectants.
Bleach
Household bleach, 5.25% sodium hypochlorite.
Fumigants
A gaseous substance capable of destroying pathogenic bacteria. No longer used in salons.
Universal precautions
Guidelines publised that require the employer and the employee to assume that all human blood and body fluids are infectious for bloodborne pathogens.
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