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Blood

Terms in this set (57)

Transport
Regulation
Protection
functions of blood
Erythrocytes
red blood cells
Leukocytes
white blood cells
Hematocrit
percent of blood volume that is RBCs
light red
color of blood with high oxygen level
dark red
color of blood with low oxygen level
red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets
formed elements of blood
white blood cells
which of the formed elements of blood is a complete cell?
respiratory gas transport
function of red blood cells
lungs
oxyhemoglobin is located in
tissues
deoxyhemoglobin is located in
Oxyhemoglobin
ruby red color
deoxyhemoglobin
dark red color
Hematopoiesis
blood cell formation
red bone marrow
location of hematopoiesis
hematopoetic stem cells
Stem cells that give rise to all formed elements
Erythropoeisis
production of red blood cells
Erythropoietin (EPO)
hormone that stimulates formation of RBCs
hypoxia
too few of red blood cells can lead to
anemia
Blood has abnormally low O2-carrying capacity that is too low to support normal metabolism
hemorrhagic anemia
anemia with rapid blood loss
Chronic hemorrhagic anemia
anemia with slight but persistent blood loss
pernicious anemia
Autoimmune disease that destroys stomach mucosa that produces intrinsic factor
renal anemia
anemia in which the kidneys cannot produce enough EPO
aplastic anemia
anemia caused by the destruction or inhibition of red bone marrow
hemolytic anemia
anemia caused by the destruction of red blood cells
Thalesemia
anemia in which RBCs are thin, delicate, and deficient in hemoglobin
sickle cell anemia
anemia in which RBCs become crescent shaped when O2 levels are low
Polycythemia
Abnormal excess of RBCs; increases blood viscosity, causing sluggish blood flow
blood doping
athletes remove, store, and reinfuse RBCs before an event to increase O2 levels for stamina
hemostasis
fast series of reactions for stoppage of bleeding
thrombus
clot that develops and persists in unbroken blood vessel
embolus
thrombus freely floating in bloodstream
embolism
embolus obstructing a vessel Example: pulmonary or cerebral emboli
Thrombocytopenia
a condition in which there is an abnormally small number of platelets circulating in the blood
Hemophilia
A bleeding disorder with prolonged bleeding, especially into joint cavities
antigen
anything perceived as foreign that can generate an immune response
Agglutinogens
promote agglutination
ph level, body temperature, fluid volume
what is regulated by blood?
oxygen transport
Which body activity would be most affected if a patient lacked an adequate number of erythrocytes (anemia)?
plasma
Which makes up the greatest portion of whole blood by volume?
7.35-7.45
pH of blood
Plasma contains dissolved fibrous proteins
Why is blood considered a connective tissue?
True
True or False: Erythrocytes can bend and twist to fit through vessels.
Hemoglobin
What is the name of the protein found in erythrocytes that transports respiratory gases and provides the red color?
reduced availability of oxygen
What triggers erythropoietin (EPO) release that leads to the production of new red blood cells?
bone marrow
What part of the body does erythropoietin (EPO) target to increase erythropoiesis?
liver
Which organ is responsible for removing bilirubin from the blood stream?
pernicious anemia
anemia that results from a vitamin B12 deficiency
decreased production of EPO by their kidneys
Athletes can use industry-produced EPO as a performance-enhancing drug to increase the effects of their naturally-produced EPO. These athletes will experience ______.
aplastic anemia
A person exhibiting suppression of immunity and clotting disorder as well as low oxygen-carrying capacity is likely suffering from which of the following?
high hematocrit, high blood pressure, high blood viscosity,
All of the following can be expected with polycythemia
pernicious anemia
A lack of intrinsic factor, leading to a deficiency of vitamin B12 and causing an appearance of large pale cells called macrocytes, is characteristic of
preformed antibodies in the recipient's blood will bind and clump (agglutinate) the donated cells
A mismatch of blood types during a transfusion is dangerous because
antibodies
agglutinins
antigens
antiglutinogens
True
True or False: Newborns lack any agglutinins (antibodies) for the first few months after birth.
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