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Altered Nutrition: Upper Gastrointestinal Pathology

Terms in this set (79)

Anorexia
fear of becoming obese/ distorted body image
- lack of desire to eat
-starvation
-can be psychological stress, depression syndrome
Bulimia nervosa
binging followed by self- induced vomiting or purging of intestines with laxatives
-weight usually remains with normal range
- pitted teeth, pharyngeal and esophageal inflammation, tracheoesophageal fistulae, rectal bleeding because of vomiting
Cachexia
anorexia, weight loss, anemia, weakness, taste disturbance, early satiety (feeling of fullness)
- hypermetabolism and systemic inflammation contribute to weight loss
-decrease in protein synthesis
Dysguesia
abnormal taste sensations (too salty, metallic, or just abnormal)
-can also be tasteless, often described as cardboard
Salivary Glands
changes in saliva production can cause altered nutrition: infectious or inflammatory disorder
Sjogren's syndrome
Sjogren's syndrome
chronic, systemic disease in which white blood cells attack the moisture-producing glands
(cracker mouth)
Xerostomia
lack of saliva; the mouth is unable to stay moist due to poor functioning of the glands that produce saliva
Causes: side effects of medications, radiation treatment, or the autoimmune disease Sjogren's syndrome
-smoking and alcohol make the effects of dryness much worse
Cleft lip and palate
congenital malformation; fissure of the upper lip or palate
-multifactorial genetic and increased with anticonvulsant use, smoking, ETOH, DM
-develops between 4th and 12th week of gestation
-big problem is teeth misalignment
Cleft palate
some infants have problems feeding and are unable to nurse or take regular bottle
-can be physically deforming
Candidiasis (Thrush)
creamy white plaques on oral mucosa
Causes: antibiotics, steroids, diabetes, debilitation, dentures
Fungal infection
Herpes Simplex
common viral infection
-occurs usually in childhood
-multiple painful ulcers on fixed and nonfixed surfaces
Aphthous Stomatitis
Canker sores
recurrent painful round crateriform
can be stress related
Periodontal disease
chronic gum infection caused by plaque resulting in loss of bone support around roots of teeth
Edentulous
people without teeth
Dysphagia
difficulty swallowing (symptom)
-physical obstruction or blockage
-changes in esophageal peristalsis
-neurologic or muscular problems, stroke, ALS, Parkinson's
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