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GED101- UTS MODULE 2

Terms in this set (67)

Heredity, Maturation, and Environment
What constitute the physical self?
Heredity
is the transmission of traits from parents to offspring.
Chromosomes
These are a threadlike bodies in the nucleus of the cell and the storage unit of genes.
Autosomes
The 22 pairs of chromosomes.
Sex chromosomes
The 23rd pair of the chromosomes which identifies the sex of an individual. The 23rd pair could either be an XX or an XY. The XY is for males while the XX is for females.
Gene
This is the unit carrier of heredity.
Genome
This is the collection of genetic information.
DNA
This is a nucleus acid that contains the genetic instructions specifying the biological development of all cellular forms of life.
Genotype
This is the part (DNA sequence) of the genetic makeup of a cell which determines a specific characteristic.
Phenotype
This is the expression of our genotype (e.g. hair color, weight, or the presence or absence of a disease).
Maturation
known as the completion of growth of genetic character due within an organism or the unfolding of an individual's inherent traits or potential.
Environment
includes all the conditions inside and outside an organism that in any way influence our growth, development and life processes.
Sexual selfhood
is vaguely defined as how one thinks about himself or herself as a sexual individual.
Sexual self-schema
is a more specific sexual self model that focuses primarily on cognitive attributions and evaluations of the sexual self.
sexual subjectivity
is another sexual self model that focuses primarily on physical esteem and entitlement to sexual pleasure
Sexual self-concept model
contains factors that deal with evaluations of cognitive, affective, interpersonal, behavioral, and physiological aspects of sexuality. This also includes attributions of desire and arousal.
Sex
is the biological features that distinguish humans as female, male or intersex. Assigned at birth.
Gender
is an identity that is learned. Is known to be the socially created roles, personality traits, attitudes, behaviors and values attributed and acceptable for men and women.
sexual orientation
is defined as an innate feeling of attraction toward another individual regardless of gender.
heterosexuality, homosexuality, bisexuality
3 Sexual orientations
Masculine and Feminine
Gender roles
Sexual preference
largely overlaps with sexual orientation, however, it is generally distinguished in psychological research.
Conceptual Analysis of Sex
is carried out in the philosophy of sex in order to clarify the fundamental notions of the discipline, including sexual desire and sexual activity.
Normative Analysis of Sex
talks about the value of sexual activity and sexual pleasure and of the various forms they take.
1. Barrier contraceptives
2. Hormonal contraceptives
3. Sterilization
4. Oral contraceptive
Types of Contraception
Barrier Contraceptive
Methods that physically or chemically block sperm from reaching an egg AND provide a BARRIER between direct skin to skin contact
male and female condoms
dental dam
Types of Barrier Contraceptive
Hormonal Methods
Methods that prevent the release of an egg (ovulation)
Oral contraceptives
Also called "the pill,"
Some contain estrogen, progestin, or mix of other hormones depending on pill
Birth control patch
This skin patch is worn on the lower abdomen, buttocks, or upper body
The patch is 91 to 99 percent effective at preventing pregnancy
It releases hormones progestin and estrogen into the bloodstream
You put on a new patch once a week for three weeks. During the fourth week, you do not wear a patch, so you can have a menstrual period
Vaginal Ring
The birth control ring releases the hormones progestin and estrogen
It is 91 to 99 percent effective at preventing pregnancy
Ring goes inside vagina up around your cervix
You wear the ring for three weeks, take it out for the week you have your period, and then put in a new ring
This method does not protect you from HIV or other STDs.
Birth control shot
Every 3 months (or 12 weeks), women get shots of the hormone progestin in the buttocks or arm from their doctor.
It is 94 to 99 percent effective at preventing pregnancy.
It does not protect you from HIV or other STDs
Emergency Contraception
Also known as the "morning after pill"
The pills are 75 to 89 percent effective at preventing pregnancy
Can be taken up to 3-5days AFTER unprotected sex (depending on brand)
No prescription needed over age of 15
Effectiveness decreases after 24 hours
Emergency contraception should only be used after no birth control was used during sex, or if the birth control method failed, such as if a condom broke
intrauterine device
It is placed inside the uterus by a doctor.
99% effective at preventing pregnancy
Sterilization
Vasectomy: This operation is done to keep a man's sperm from going to his penis, so his ejaculate never has any sperm in it that can fertilize an egg.
Operation is more simple than tying a woman's tubes
Bacterial (Chlamydia, LGV, Gonorrhea, Syphilis)
Viral (HSV, Hepatitis B, HIV, HPV)
Parasitic (Pubic lice, scabies, trichomoniasis)
Types of Infection:
sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
Infections that are most commonly passed through sexual contact:
Oral
Vaginal
Anal
Skin-to-skin
Semen
Vaginal fluid
Blood
Fluid in sores or blisters
Saliva
Tears
Sweat
Urine
Ear wax
BODY FLUIDS: Which one's are considered infectious?
Chlamydia
The most common bacterial STI
Greatest number of infections found in people 15 to 24 years old
Untreated, it can affect the cervix and urethra, and occasionally the rectum, throat and eye
50% have NO symptoms - men and women
Can be treated with antibiotics
Gonorrhea
The 2nd most common bacterial STI
Most common in people aged 15 to 29
Can affect the cervix, urethra, rectum, throat, and occasionally the eyes
Can be treated with antibiotics
Often NO symptoms, especially in females
Syphylis
A bacterial infection that progresses in stages
Primary: (3 days - 3 months) starts as a small, painless sore called a chancre; goes away on it's own
Secondary: (2 - 24 weeks) rash on the body, palms of hands & soles of feet, hair loss, feeling sick
Latent: lesions or rashes can recur
Genital herpes
Two types: HSV-1, causing cold sores, and HSV-2, causing genital herpes
It is a viral infection causing outbreaks of painful sores and blisters
Spread through direct vaginal, oral or anal sexual contact with an infected partner
Also transmitted by receiving oral sex from a partner with a history of cold sores
Symptoms can be treated with antiviral medications, but NO CURE
Hepatitis B
Virus that attacks the liver
Most infected people (90%) naturally produce antibodies to fight the disease, but some develop chronic HBV and will carry the virus for the rest of their life
Chronic infection can lead to liver damage, cirrhosis, and cancer
There is NO CURE, but vaccination can prevent infection
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Genital warts
One of the most common STIs
About 75% of people will have at least one HPV infection during their lifetime
There are over 100 types of HPV
Low-risk HPV types cause genital warts
High-risk HPV types may cause cancer of the cervix
There is NO CURE, but vaccination is available to prevent certain types of HPV
HIV
is a virus that destroys the immune system over time, robbing the body of its ability to fight other infections and illnesses
Pubic Lice & Scabies
Infections caused by parasitic infestations
hypoactive sexual desire disorder
sexual aversion disorder
Sexual Desire Disorders
hypoactive sexual desire disorder
ongoing, abnormally low desire for sexual activity
sexual aversion disorder
fear and disgust of sexual contact
Female sexual arousal disorder (FSAD)
Male erectile disorder
Sexual Arousal disorders
Female sexual arousal disorder (FSAD)
Desire for sexual activity is present, but physical discomfort and a lack of pleasure are experienced during sexual activity
male erectile disorder
a male cannot maintain an erection long enough to complete the sexual act
male orgasmic disorder
female orgasmic disorder
premature ejaculation
orgasmic disorder
male orgasmic disorder
a male cannot achieve orgasm through vaginal stimulation, even though fully aroused.
female orgasmic disorder
a female cannot achieve an orgasm even though fully aroused
premature ejaculation
Some men experience orgasm shortly after penetration, which can cause feelings of sexual inadequacy because the partner is does not have time to achieve orgasm
Vaginismus
Dyspareunia
Sexual pain disorders
Vaginismus
persistent contractions of the vaginal muscles, causing sexual intercourse to be painful or impossible.
Dyspareunia
Pain in the genitals that can occur before, during, or after intercourse; can be experienced by either sex.
AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome)
caused by a viral infection, can affect males and females of all sexual orientations; and continues to impact cultures world-wide
excitement, plateau, orgasm, resolution
sexual response cycle
refractory period
a resting period after orgasm, during which a man cannot achieve another orgasm
gender roles
cultural expectation for males and females
gender typing
the process by which people learn to conform to gender roles
gender identity
sense of being male or female
Female: vagina, uterus, and ovaries
Male: Penis, testicles, scrotum, and prostate gland
Primary sexual characteristics
Female: breast enlargement, widening of hips, pubic hair, fat deposits on buttocks and hips
Male: deepening of voice, facial and chest hair, pubic hair, coarser, skin textures, increase in height
Secondary sexual characteristics
THIS SET IS OFTEN IN FOLDERS WITH...