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Government Chapter 2 Review

Terms in this set (29)

anti federalists
those persons who opposed the ratification of the Constitution in 1787-1788
Articles of Confederation
plan of government adopted by the Continental Congress after the American Revolution; established "a firm league of friendship" among the States, but allowed few important powers to the central government
bicameral legislature
a legislature made up of two houses
charter
A city's basic law, its constitution; a written grant of authority from the king
constitution
the body of fundamental laws setting out the principles, structures, and processes of a government
Connecticut Compromise
Agreement during the Constitutional Convention that Congress should be composed of a Senate, in which States would be represented equally, and a House, in which representation would be based on a State's population
english bill of rights
document written by Parliament and agreed on by William and Mary of England in 1689, designed to prevent abuse of power by English monarchs; forms the basis for much in American government and politics today
federalists
those persons who supported the ratification of the Constitution in 1787-1788
magna carta
Great Charter forced upon King John of England by his barons in 1215; established that the power of the monarchy was not absolute and guaranteed trial by jury and due process of law to the nobility
Popular Sovereignty
basic principle of the American system of government which asserts that the people are the source of any and all governmental power, and government can exist only with the consent of the governed
proprietary colonies
colonies organized by a proprietor, a person to whom the king had made a grant of land
ratification
Formal approval, final consent to the effectiveness of a constitution, constitutional amendment, or treaty
representative government
system of government in which public policies are made by officials selected by the voters and held accountable in periodic elections
Virginia Plan
plan presented by delegates from Virginia at the Constitutional Convention; called for a three-branch government with a bicameral legislature in which each State's membership would be determined by its population or its financial support for the central government
form of democracy in which people decide on policy initiatives directly
define a direct democracy
Connecticut Promise
what compromise combined the virginia and new jersey plan to create the legislature?
it established the principle that everyone is subject to the law, even the king, and the guarantees the rights of individuals, the right to justice, and the right to a fair trial
what was the importance of the Magna Carta?
the government they set up in the US included the same rights as the English documents
how did the English bill of rights influence settlers?
having supreme powers within one's own territory; neither subordinate nor responsible or any other authority
define sovereign:
Legislative, Executive, Judicial
What are the three basic powers of government?
it managed the colonial war effort and moved incrementally towards independence
what was the purpose of the second continental congress?
why colonies (people) should be independent from Britain, equality for all people, purpose of government, declare independence
what are the ideas included in the declaration of independence?
Articles of Confederation
which document was used to first govern the United States?
Need for a stronger government
why did the articles of confederation have to be changed?
idk
shay's rebellion caused americans to realize they need a stronger government in order to:
idk
which principle of the constitution reflects Thomas Jefferson's words that government is "by the consent of the governed"
equal representation
the connecticut plan included which idea from the new jersey plan?
slaves
who did the 3/5 compromise refer to?
stopped paying the tribute
problems with the barbary pirates caused Thomas Jefferson and the american government to do what?
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