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MSK Lower Limb Muscles (O,A,N,A)

Terms in this set (38)

gluteus maximus (O,A,N,A)
Originates- Sacrum, gluteal space of ischium, thoracolumbar fascia, and sacrotuberous lig.
Inserts- iliotibial tract (IT Band), gluteal tuberosity (of the femur).
Innervation- Inferior gluteal nerve (L5-S2).
Actions- Abducts, extends, and externally rotates the thigh (hip joint). one of my atlases is saying that the lower fibers also adduct as well.
gluteus medius OANA
Originates- Gluteal surface of ischium.
Inserts- Greater trochanter of the femur (lateral surface).
Innervation- Superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1).
Actions- Abducts, extends, and externally rotates the hip joint (thigh).

Super important- it also medially rotates the hips like the other deep gluteal muscle.

also one of my atlases says that it flexes the hip.
gluteus minimus OANA
Originate- Gluteal surface of the ischium below the gluteal medius.
Insertion- Greater trochanter of the femur.
Innervation- superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1).
Action- (Same as gluteus medius). it abducts, extends, and externally rotates the hip joint.
as well as, medially rotate the hip joint.
Tensor fasciae latae OANA
Originate- Anterior Superior Illiac spine (ASIS).
Insertion- Iliotibial tract (IT tract).
Innervation- Superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1).
Action- it tenses the fascia lata. so since the fascia lata covers the whole bottom bit there so it abducts, extends, and externally rotates the hip joint.
one of my atlases says it flexes the hip and not extends it
Piriformis OANA.
Originate- sacrum
Insertion- greater trochanter of the femur
Innervation- Sacral Plexus (S1, S2). Nerve to the piriformis
Action- Abducts, externally rotates, extends the hip joint.
Obturator Internus OANA.
Originate- Obturator internus membrane, illiac ramus and pubic ramus.
Insertion- Greater trochanter of the femur
Innervation- Sacral Plexus (L5-S2). Nerve to the obturator internus and the superior gemellus.
Action- Abduction (depending on the joints position), extension, externally rotates the hip.
one of my atlases says that it adducts the hip as well.
Superior Gemellus muscle OANA
Originate- Ischial spine
Insertion- Greater trochanter of the femurs
Innervation- Sacral Plexus (L5-S2). Nerve to the obturator internus and superior gemellus.
Action- Abducts, externally rotates, and extends the hip joint. also apparently adducts the hip according to my atlas.
Inferior Gemellus muscle OANA
Originate- Ischial tuberosity.
Insertion- Greater trochanter of the femur.
Innervation- Nerve to the quadratus femoris and inferior gemellus (L4-S1).
Action- Abducts, externally rotates, and extends the thigh. also apparently adducts the hip as well.
Quadratus femoris OANA
Originate- Ischial tuberosity.
Insertion- Intertrochanteric crest of the femur.
Innervation- Nerve to the quadratus femoris and inferior gemellus muscle (L4-S1).
Action- my atlas says externally rotates and adducts the hip joint but according to lecture it also abducts and extends the hip too.
What are the nine glueteal region muscles?
Gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, tensor fasciae latae, piriformis, obturator internus, gemelli (superior and inferior) and quadratus femoris.
The posterior compartment of the thigh (muscles) has what type of origin?
Anterior origin
The posterior compartment of the thigh has what type of muscle, extensors flexors, etc?
It has flexors of the leg (and extensors of the thigh.

So it flexes the leg at the knee and it will extend the thigh at the hip if the leg is locked in place (by opposing muscle groups).
The posterior compartment has three muscle groups in it; what are they and what are their main innervation and supply
The biceps femoris, semimembranosus, semitendinosus.

The main innervation is the tibial division of the sciatic nerve. and the deep femoral artery.
The sciatic nerve is made up of what two nerves and what is important about the piriformis regarding the sciatic nerve?
It is made up of the tibial nerve and the common fibular nerve. the common fibular nerve will either go above or below the piriformis muscle (creating piriformis syndrome).
Since i don't want to pay for quizlet; quickly draw the cutaneous innervation of the gluteal and posterior thigh along with where it comes from.
DO IT
OANA of the Biceps femoris long head
Originates: Ischial tuberosity and sacrotuberous ligament
Inserts: Head of the fibula and lateral epicondlye of the tibia.
Innervation: Tibial Nerve (L4-S2).
Action- Flexion of the knee joint and extension of the hip joint (my atlas also says external rotation of the knee joint).
OANA of the Biceps femoris short head
Originates: Linea aspera of the femur.
Inserts: Head of the fibula and lateral epicondlye of the tibia.
Innervation: Common fibular nerve (L4-S2). Opposite of all others found in this compartment.
Action: Flexion of the knee and extension of the hip. Atlas also says external rotation of the knee.
OANA of the semimembrenosous muscle
Originates: Ischial tuberosity
Inserts: medial tibial epicondyle. The oblique popliteal ligament. Popliteal fascia.
Nerve: Tibial nerve (L4-S2).
Action: Flexion of the knee and extension of the hip joint.
My atlas also says stabilization of the pelvis and internal rotation of knee.
OANA of the semitendonosis muscle
Originates: Ischial tuberosity and the sacrotuberous ligament.
Inserts: tibial tuberosity
Innervation: Tibial nerve (L4-S2).
Action: Flexion of the knee joint and extension of the hip joint.

My atlas also says internal rotation of knee and pelvic stabilization.
The compartments found in the lower limb are separated by thick sheets of deep fascia called what? What do they attach to centrally?
They are called intermuscular septa and they thicc af.

they extend centrally to attach to the bone.
The anterior compartment muscles of the thigh have what kind of origin
Dorsal origin or posterior origin
What is the major job of the anterior compartment muscles?
They are major extensors of the leg at the knee and flexors of the thigh at the hip.
What are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh? And what are the exceptions to this?
sartorius, rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, and vastus intermedius.

these are known as the quad muscles except for the sartorius.

sartorius is the only one that doesn't run up and down and it actually attaches on the medial compartment side.

And the rectus femoris is a pinnate muscle group.
Sartorius OANA
Originates: ASIS
Inserts: Medial tibial tuberosity
Innervation: Femoral nerve (L2-L4) Muscular branches.
Action: Flexion, abduction of the hip joint; flexion and internal rotation of the knee joint.
Rectus Femoris OANA
Originates: AIIS and superior part of acetabulum
Inserts: Tibial tuberosity and patella via quadriceps tendon.
Innervation: Femoral nerve muscular branches (L2-L4).
Action: Flexion of the hip joint and extension of the knee joint.
Vastus Medialis muscle OANA
Originates: intertrochanteric line and linea aspera
Inserts: patella and tibial tubersoity via the patella ligament.
Innervation: Fibular nerve muscular branches (L2-L4).
Action: Extension of the knee joint only
Vastus lateralis muscle OANA
Originates: greater trochanter of femur
Inserts: tibial tubersoity and patella
Innervation: femoral nerve muscular branches (L2-L4).
Action: Extension of knee joint only.
Vastus intermedialis muscle OANA
Originates: Anterior medial aspect of femur.
Inserts: patella and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament.
Innervation: femoral nerve, muscular branches (L2-L4).
Action: Extension of knee joint only.
According to Dr. Skopa Kelso, the semitendonosus and semimembranosus also do waht involving the trunk
they extend the trunk while the leg and thigh are flexed.
What is the iliopsoas muscle and what compartment is it considered in
well it isn't really a leg muscle, it is in the pelvic region so it is a pelvic muscle.

it is made up of the psoas and the iliacus muscles.

they are considered the additional anterior muscles.
What is the innervation and action of the iliopsoas muscle?
it is innervated by the L1-L3 spinal nerves directly and the femoral nerve.
the action is to flex the thigh at the hip joint and the psoas is also a postural muscle.
what are the six medial compartment muscles of the thigh?
Pectineus muscle, obturator externus, adductor brevis, adductor longus, and adductor magnus, and gracilis.
What is the pectineus muscle OANA?
Originates: pectenial line of the pubis.
Inserts: Pectinial line of the femur.
Innervation: Muscular branches of femoral nerve (L2-L4) and obturator nerve (L2-L4).
Action: Adduction, external rotation, and weak flexion of the hip joint.
What is the gracilis OANA?
Originate: pubic symphysis and inferior pubic ramus.
Insertion: medial aspect of tibia.
Innervation: Obturator nerve (L2-L4).
Action: Adduction and flexion of the hip joint and internal rotation of the knee joint.
What is the Adductor longus OANA?
Originates: superior ramus medial portion.
Inserts: linea aspira of femur.
Innervation: obturator nerve (L2-L4).
Action: adduction and flexion of the hip joint. it also does external rotation and extension of the hip too.
What is the adductor brevis OANA?
Originates: Inferior ramus of the pubis (more lateral to longus).
Inserts: Posterior femur (linear aspira).
Innervation: Obturator nerve (L2-L4).
Action: Adduction and felxion of the hip joint as well as extension and external rotation of the hip joint.
What is the adductor magnus OANA?
Originates: inferior ramus of the pubis and ischial tuberosity (wide origin).
Inserts: adductor tubercle of the femur and the linea aspera. (posterior femur).
Innervation: Obturator nerve (L2-L4) and tibial nerve (L4-S2).
Action: Adduction of the thigh, it also weakly flexes the thigh, and external rotates the hip.
what is the obturator externus OANA?
Originates: Obturator membrane, and super and inferior pubic rami.
Insertion: Trochanteric fossa (posterior side of femur).
Innervation: Obturator nerve (L3 and L4).
Action: Adduction and external rotation of hip joint.
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