Periodic Table

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periodic table

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a chart that organizes information about the elements

Image: periodic table

each horizontal row of the periodic table; elements are arranged in order of atomic number across these rows

Image: period

a vertical column on the periodic table, with similar chemical properties; also called a chemical family

Image: group

physical property

a characteristic of a substance that can be observed directly or measured with a tool without changing the identity of the substance

Image: physical property

elements to the left of the stair-step in the periodic table (except hydrogen)

Image: metal

elements to the right of the stair-step in the periodic table plus hydrogen

Image: nonmetal

elements along the stair-step in the periodic table that have properties of both metals and nonmetals

Image: metalloid

chemical property

a characteristic of a substance that cannot be observed without changing the identity of the substance, such as flammability or reactivity

Image: chemical property

the tendency of a substance to undergo chemical changes, or reactions. A more reactive element is more likely to chemically combine with other elements

Image: reactivity

two or more atoms combine chemically by sharing or transferring electrons; for example, H2O is two atoms of hydrogen chemically combined with one atom of oxygen

Image: molecule