Psych Chapter 14

cognitive therapyfocuses on helping a client identify and correct any distorted thinking about self, others, or the world. emphasize the meaning of events therapist points out irrational thoughts depression bulimiacognitive restructuringinvolves teaching clients to question the automatic beliefs, assumptions, and predictions that lead to negative emotions and to replace negative thinking with more realistic and positive beliefs belief he/she is stupid; need to consider evidence; other grades etcmindfulness meditationteaches and individual to be fully present in each moment; to be aware of his/her thoughts, feelings, and sensations; and to detect symptoms before they become a problemcognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)blend of cognitive and behavioral therapeutic strategies; "problem focused" - specific problems (panic attacks, return to work after a bout of depression) "action oriented" -therapist tries to assist client in selecting specific strategies to address that problem. client is expected to do things (ex diary) panic disorderHumanistic and Existential Therapiesshare the assumption that psychological problems stem from feelings of alienation and loneliness and that these feelings can be traced to failure to reach ones potential (humanistic) or failure to find meaning in life (existential)Person-centered therapyassumes that all individuals have the tendency towards growth and that this growth can be facilitated by acceptance and genuine reactions from the therapist paraphrases clients words Humanistic approachPCT step one: congruencebeing open and honest in the therapeutic relationship and communicating the same message at all levelsPCT step two: empathythe continuous process of trying to understand the client by getting inside his or her way of thinking, feeling, and understanding the world, which enables the therapist to better appreciate the clients apprehensions, worries, or fears.PCT step three: unconditional positive regardthe therapist must provide a nonjudgmental, warm, and accepting environment in which the client can feel safe when expressing his or her thoughts and feelingsGestalt Therapyhas the goal of helping the client to become aware of his or her thoughts, behaviors, experiences, and feelings and the "own" or take responsibility for them How do u feel as u express this? empty chair technique existential approachAntipsychotic drugstreat schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders block dopamine receptors reduce positive symptoms in schizophrenia chlorpromazine thioridazine haloperidolpsychopharmacologythe study of drug effects on psychological states and symptoms.positive symptoms of schizophreniahallucinations and delusionsnegative symptoms of schizophreniaemotional numbing and social withdrawl underactivity in other areas of the brain- explains why antipsychotic meds dont always relieve negative symptomsatypical antipsychoticsconventional or typical antipsychotics provide relief for both positive AND negative symptoms clozapine risperidone olanzepineantianxiety medicationdrugs that help reduce a person's experience of fear or anxiety benzos effects GABA- calming effectsantidepressantsclass of drugs that help lift people's moods MAOIs + tricyclic antidepressants------ no longer used SSRIs- blocks reuptake of seratoninelectoconvulsive therapy (ECT)a treatment that involves inducing a mild seizure by delivering an electrical shock to the brain treats severe depression Shock Therapy possible short term memory losstranscranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)treatment that involves placing a powerful magnet over a persons scalp, which alters neuronal activity in the brain noninvasive minimal side effectsphototherapyinvolves repeated exposure to bright light helpful for seasonally depressed peoplepsychosurgerythe surgical destruction of specific brain areas very very rare proceduretreatment illusions1. Natural improvement: the tendency of symptoms to return to their average level. symptoms naturally improve 2. Nonspecific treatment effects: not related to the specific mechanisms by which treatment is suppose to work. ex simply knowing you're getting treatment aka PLACEBO 3. reconstructive memory: clients motivation to get well causes errors- thinking you've improved bc of a treatment when you're actually just misrememberingoutcome studiesdesigned to evaluate whether a particular treatment works, often in relation to some other treatment or control condition waitlist groupprocess studiesdesigned to answer questions regarding why a treatment works or under what circumstances it works. refine therapies and target their influence to make more effectiveiatrogenic illnessa disorder or symptom that occurs as a result of a medical or psychotherapeutic treatment itself when a therapist becomes convinced that a client has a disorder that in fact the client does not haverational-emotive therapypeople adopt irrational styles of thinking musturbation awfulizing activating even- belief- consequent emotion- ABC therapist verbally assaults irrational thought process

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The law firm of Furlan and Benson accumulates costs associated with individual cases, using a job order cost system. The following transactions occurred during July: July 3. Charged 175 hours of professional (lawyer) time to the Obsidian Co. breech of contract suit to prepare for the trial, at a rate of $\$ 150$ per hour. 10. Reimbursed travel costs to employees for depositions related to the Obsidian case, $\$ 12,500$ . 14. Charged 260 hours of professional time for the Obsidian trial at a rate of $\$ 185$ per hour. 18. Received invoice from consultants Wadsley and Harden for $\$ 30,000$ for expert testimony related to the Obsidian trial. 27. Applied office overhead at a rate of $\$ 62$ per professional hour charged to the Obsidian case. 31. Paid administrative and support salaries of $\$ 28,500$ for the month. 31. Used office supplies for the month, $\$ 4,000$ . 31. Paid professional salaries of $\$ 74,350$ for the month. 31. Billed Obsidian $\$ 172,500$ for successful defense of the case.

c. Determine the gross profit on the Obsidian case, assuming that over- or underapplied office overhead is closed monthly to cost of services.

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business math

John Custer wants a pair of name brand sneakers he saw on his favorite TV show. At the store, he discovers items that were already marked down 30% to a clearance rack are now marked "50% off the lowest marked price." The sneakers were originally $129.80. What is the final sale price?

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accounting

Kurta Company Ltd. has a budget of $10 million for new projects. The projects are independent and have the following costs and profitability indexes associated with them: