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Ch. 5 Practice Quiz
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Su-Fang would like to hang one picture above her baby's crib. Which of the following would attract the MOST attention from the infant?
a. A bright white square
b. A red circle
c. A bright yellow oval
d. A drawing of a face
d. A drawing of a face
What mechanisms help infants survive before they have an opportunity to learn adaptive behavior?
a. Dynamic systems
b. Motor skills
c. Reflexes
d. Vision and hearing
c. Reflexes
Peak physical performance usually occurs during ______.
a. The 30s
b. Adolescence
c. The 20s
d. The 40s
c. The 20s
4. Marta is developing new abilities, such as sitting and standing, but is not yet able to climb or ride on riding toys. Marta is in her ______.
a. Reflex stage
b. Second year
c. Prenatal stage
d. First year
d. First year
Infants root in order to ______.
a. Calm down
b. Find something to grasp
c. Find something to suck
d. Go to sleep
c. Find something to suck
As measured on the Snellen chart, a newborn's vision is estimated to be ______.
a. 20/240
b. 20/50
c. 20/100
d. 20/150
a. 20/240
To foster faster motor development in infants, which of the following practices can be effective?
a. Giving infants opportunities for exercise
b. All of these answers are correct
c. Stroking, massaging, or stretching the babies
d. Frequently exercising the babies' trunk and pelvis muscles
b. All of these answers are correct
Research indicates that babies are first able to use their sense of taste _______ birth.
a. Before
b. By 6 weeks after
c. Right after
d. By 1 week after
a. Before
How is the Moro reflex different from an infant's shivering, yawning, and sneezing reflexes?
a. It is part of an infant's survival reflexes
b. If helps an infant find food
c. It is useful only to an infant, not to an adult
d. It helps an infant digest food
c. It is useful only to an infant, not to an adult.
Gross motor skills include activities such as running, whereas fine motor skills include activities such as _______.
a. Cutting with scissors
b. Gymnastics
c. Crab walking
d. Jumping
a. Cutting with scissors
Sensation occurs when information ______.
a. Interacts with sensory receptors- the eyes, ears, tongue, nostrils, and the skin
b. Is interpreted by the brain
c. Interacts with the brain, but the brain cannot make any meaning interpretations
d. Affects organs such as the heart and lungs
a. Interacts with sensory receptors- the eyes, ears, tongue, nostrils, and the skin
Two-year-old Saunder rubs his eyes, squints, tilts his head, and blinks excessively. Saunder's parents should ______.
a. Wait for the results of the kindergarten vision screening
b. Make an appointment with an ophthalmologist
c. Encourage more nighttime sleep
d. Give him more daytime naps
b. Make an appointment with an ophthalmologist
Baby Chloe startles when she hears a loud sound. She arches her back, throws back her head, and flings out her arms. Which reflex is she demonstrating?
a. Moro
b. Grasping
c. Sucking
d. Rooting
a. Moro
Sound waves transmitted to David's auditory nerve create ______. David's reinterpretation of the sound waves as the school bell is _______.
a. A sensation; perception
b. Perception; sensation
c. Perception; affordance
d. An affordance; perception
a. A sensation; perception
Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding gross motor activity during middle and late childhood?
a. Girls usually outperform boys in large-muscle activities until adolescence when the opposite is true.
b. Children at this age can master activities such as running. Climbing. And skipping rope. However, once they master them, they don't find them pleasant and enjoyable anymore.
c. Only one child in a thousand can hit a tennis ball over the net at the age of 11.
d. Elementary-aged boys usually outperform girls in large-muscle activities.
d. Elementary-aged boys usually outperform girls in large-muscle activities.
Fifty-two-year-old Curtis is beginning to lose his ability to focus and maintain images on his retina. This condition is known as ______.
a. Presbyopia
b. Cataracts
c. Macular Degeneration
d. Glaucoma
a. Presbyopia
Will is going to have surgery to remove a thick layer on his eye that is causing cloudy vision. He has ______.
a. Cataracts
b. Presbyopia
c. Glaucoma
d. Macular degeneration
a. Cataracts
Al avoids driving at night because it is difficult for his eyes to adjust after he passes oncoming cars. Al is having a problem with ______.
a. Presbyopia
b. His blind spot
c. Depth perception
d. Dark adaptation
d. Dark adaptation
Which of the following statements is TRUE of fine motor skill development during middle and late childhood?
a. Letter size becomes bigger and more even with age.
b. Boys usually outperform girls in fine motor skills.
c. Girls usually outperform boys in fine motor skills.
d. Increased myelination affects the development of gross motor skills, but not fine motor skills.
c. Girls usually outperform boys in fine motor skills.
The Moro reflex is a response to ______, whereas the grasping reflex is a response to ______.
a. Sight; smell
b. Smell; sight
c. Touch; sound or movement
d. Sound or movement; touch
d. Sound or movement; touch
Compared to younger drivers, older drivers ______.
a. Overestimate the time needed for an approaching vehicle to reach its location
b. All of these answers are correct
c. Need to expend more cognitive effort when driving
d. Show a decline in motion sensitivity
b. All of these answers are correct
The disease marked by retina deterioration is called ______.
a. Macular degeneration
b. Cataracts
c. Presbyopia
d. Glaucoma
a. Macular degeneration
We know that fetuses can hear before birth because newborns ______.
a. Respond more when hearing sounds that were not presented before birth
b. Show an aversion to loud noises
c. Go to sleep while hearing lullabies
d. Show specific responses for sounds presented repeatedly before birth
d. Show specific responses for sounds presentedly repeated before birth
Color vision may also decline with age due to ______ of lens of the eye.
a. All of the above
b. Thickening
c. Yellowing
d. Thinning
c. Yellowing
What skills involve movements such as buttoning a shirt or typing?
a. Fine motor
b. Perceptual-motor
c. Gross motor
d. Reflexes
a. Fine motor
As we age we begin to lose the ability to hear ______ sounds.
a. Even pitched
b. Low pitched
c. High pitched
d. None of the above
c. High pitched
Activities that use large muscles develop ______.
a. The sucking reflex
b. Fine motor skills
c. Gross motor skills
d. The grasping reflex
c. Gross motor skills
Which sound is an infant most likely to hear?
a. Low-pitched, whisper volume
b. High-pitched, whisper volume
c. High-pitched, conversational volume
d. Low-pitched, conversational volume
c. High-pitched, conversational volume
According to the dynamic systems theory, how do infants develop motor skills?
a. Motor development comes about through the unfolding of a genetic plan, or maturation.
b. Infants take bits and pieces of data from sensations and build representations of the world in their minds.
c. Infants perceive something new in the environment that motivated them to act. They use their perceptions to fine-tune movements.
d. Motor skills are initially influenced by biology but become increasingly dependent on environmental factors.
c. Infants perceive something new in the environment that motivated them to act. They use their perceptions to fine-tune movements.
By late adulthood (age 75) we have lost ______ percentage of out taste buds.
a. 15
b. 75
c. 25
d. 65
d. 65
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