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OMLC (Semester Edition) - Chapter 4

Terms in this set (49)

Abstinence
Refers to the obligation to abstain from something, typically food or drink.
Actual Sin
A thought, word, deed, or omission contrary to God's eternal law. It is a human act that presumes (a) knowledge of wrongdoing, (b) awareness of malice in one's conduct, and (c) consent of the will. It damages a person's relationship with God
Beatitude
Happiness or blessedness, especially the eternal happiness of Heaven, which is the vision of God and partaking of the divine nature. This is the greatest human desire.
Beatitudes
The teachings of Jesus in the Sermon on the Mount on the meaning and way to true happiness (Matthew 5:3-12). These are at the heart of Jesus' preaching and fulfill the promises of God starting with Abraham
Commandment
A norm or religious action. Ten of these were given by God through Moses
Concupiscence
Human appetites or desires remain disordered due to the temporal consequences of Original Sin. This remains even after Baptism and constitutes an inclination to sin.
Conversion
A radical reorientation of one's whole life away from sin and evil and toward God. This is a central element of Christ's preaching, of the Church's ministry of evangelization, and of the Sacrament of Reconciliation
Covenant
A solemn agreement between people or between God and man involving mutual commitments and guarantees, usually the extension of kinship by oath.
Decalogue
From the Greek for "ten sayings," the Ten Commandments given by God through Moses
Divine Revelation
This is primarily God's communication of His divine life, so that man can know Him and thereby respond to His love. The culmination of this centers on Jesus Christ, the Son of God made man. These truths are transmitted through Scripture and Tradition.
Fasting
Mortification by deprivation of food. This is an ancient religious practice that denies the desires of the flesh in order to strengthen the spirit
Formal Cooperation
A deliberate assistance to another person in the commission of evil
Formal Sin
An act against God that is freely and deliberately committed. It involves knowledge of the evil of the act and freedom to avoid it.
Habitual Sin
A permanent state of culpability caused by the frequent commission of actual sins
Holy Days of Obligation
A Sunday or other feast day of importance that Christians are obliged to keep holy. Minimally, attending Mass and refraining from activities that impede the worship of God are expected
Idolatry
The worship or adoration due to God alone paid to images "made with hands" or any created object; this is forbidden by the First Commandment. This is different than veneration given to the saints or to holy objects (Nicaea II, 787 A.D.)
Imperfect Contrition
Also known as attrition. Sorrow of the soul and detestation for the sin committed together with the resolution not to sin again as a result of being sorry for sins due to fear of God's punishment.
Intrinsic Evil
An act that is evil in and of itself and never justifiable, regardless of situation or circumstance
Justice
One of the four cardinal virtues, this refers to observance of divine law. This virtue is used to administer to God and to each person his due
Kingdom of God
There are two senses to this term. First, Heaven itself; Second, the establishment of this term on earth, which means to work toward a world of complete love, harmony, peace, and justice.
Magisterium
The name given to the ordinary and universal teaching authority of the pope and the bishops in communion with him, who guide the members of the Church without error in matters of faith and morals through the interpretation of Sacred Scripture and Sacred Tradition
Material Cooperation
An action that plays a role in an evil deed but lacks deliberate consent to that same cooperative action
Mortal Sin
A grave offense against God that destroys a person's relationship with him by severing that person from divine love. It destroys charity in the heart of man; it turns man away from God, who is his ultimate end and his beatitude, by preferring an inferior good to Him.
New Covenant
The new "dispensation" or order, established by God in Jesus Christ, to succeed and perfect the Old Covenant
Occasion of Sin
A person, place, thing, or situation that generally leads to temptation
Old Covenant
The Mosaic Law, encapsulated as the Ten Commandments, and its stipulation from God to the Israelites that "I will be your God, and you will be my people."
Perfect Contrition
Sorrow of the soul and detestation for the sin committed together with the resolution not to sin again as a result of being sorry for sins due to a love for God above all else.
Personal Sin
Sin that results from deliberation and an act of the will with knowledge
Physical Evil
An evil that is committed by an act as opposed to an interior attitude
Redemption
The possibility of spending eternity in Heaven, made possible by the Incarnation, Death, and Resurrection of Christ
Repentance
True sorrow for one's own sins and the firm resolution to avoid all sin in the future
Righteousness
Justice; uprightness; conformity of life to the requirements of the divine or moral law; virtue; integrity
Sacrament of Reconciliation
Also called Penance or Confession. By this, Christ forgives sins. Jesus gave His Apostles - who passed it on to their successors down to this day - the power to forgive and retain sins. This is administered only by bishops and priests.
Salvation
The Redemption and the promise of Heaven brought about by the Death and Resurrection of Jesus, our discipleship in Christ, and our commitment to seeking holiness and avoiding sin
Sin
A transgression of the Divine Law and an offense against God involving the individual's knowledge and will
Sin of Commission
An offense against God committed by means of an evil act such as theft or murder.
Sin of Omission
An offense against God which is by means of the failure to commit a good act, such as failure to forgive someone who wronged us.
Venial Sin
An offense against the law and love of God that does not deprive the soul of sanctifying grace, but weakens a person's love for God and neighbor
End (of an action)
The primary goal of the intention and the purpose
pursued in an action.
Law of Grace
The New Law ushered in by Christ.
Laws of Nature
Descriptions of the behavior of the material
universe.
Object (of an action)
That toward which the will directs itself. This is distinct from the intention that a person has when performing the act.
Circumstance
The condition or state of affairs surrounding a
moral decision: these include the consequences
of an action. Circumstances can increase or
diminish the responsibility of a person, but they
cannot change the moral quality of the acts
themselves; they never make good an act which
is in itself evil.
Civil Law
A rule of conduct imposed by civil authority;
the body of such rules binding on members under
control of the authority, whether from formaI enactment or custom.
Human Law
Law promulgated by human authority, either civil or ecclesiastical. In order to be legitimate, human law must be consistent with laws of God, conform to the natural law, and promote the good of society.
Principle of Double Effect
An act may be performed, even if accompanied
by an unintended bad effect, if the act itself is
good or indifferent, the good effect far outreaches
the bad effect, and the intention of the act is the
good effect.
Proportionalism
An ethical system that deduces the moral value of an act from the proportion of its good and evil effects.
Unjust Law
A human law that contradicts or otherwise fails to conform to divine and natural law. Such a law is never binding on a person's conscience and must be opposed.
Positive Law
Laws created by the proper authority that enjoin
specific obligations upon individuals and bind in
conscience insofar as they conform to the dictates
of the divine and natural laws.
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