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10.3 - Immigration, Urbanization and Reform (The Progressives)

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Patrons of Husbandry/Grange

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Terms in this set (44)

Patrons of Husbandry/Grange

Organization of farmers in the late 1800s who, suffering from high shipping costs and debt, advocated for government regulation or railroad rates and the free coinage of silver.

Political party formed in the late 1800s out of the Grange Movement. They advocated for the free coinage of silver, a graduated income tax and government regulation of business. Their leader was William Jennings Bryan. Eventually their members mostly joined the Democratic Party.

Free Coinage of Silver

Objective of the Populist Party. They wanted inflation to ease loan repayments and asked the government to go off the gold standard. This was the topic of William Jennings Bryan's famous "Cross of Gold" speech.

Graduated Income Tax

An income tax system in which wealthy individuals pay a higher percentage of their income in taxes than lower class individuals.

When citizens can gather signatures and force their legislature to vote on an issue.

When citizens can gather signatures and have a proposed law put on a ballot so everyone can vote. This was a way to enact legislation that might otherwise have been prevented by business interests who could pay off elected officials.

When citizens can gather signatures and force a vote to remove an elected official. This was enacted to curb corruption in government.

Financial crisis in the 1893.

The leader of a group of Populist farmers who marched to Washington, DC in 1894 demanding reform.

A group of Populist farmers who marched to Washington, DC in 1894 demanding reform.

William Jennings Bryan

Populist, Progressive, and later democratic leader who championed the rights of farmers. His "Cross of Gold" speech catapulted him to national fame. He ran four times for president but never won.

Cross of Gold Speech

1896 speech by William Jennings Bryan at the Democratic National convention arguing for the free coinage of silver.

William McKinley

Republican President first elected in 1896. He defeated William Jennings Bryan. Reelected in 1900, he led the nation through the Spanish-American War, but was assassinated.

Short campaign speeches given from the back of a train car as it stopped in small towns. They were a way spreading a candidate's message in the days before radio, television or the internet.

Groups of people at the turn of the century interested in making change in society, business and government. They were often urban, northeastern, educated, middle class, and protestant.