Drug REWIEW

acetaminophen (Tylenol paracetamol APAP
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Terms in this set (20)
acetaminophen (Tylenol paracetamol APAP
Inhibits the synthesis of prostaglandins, In CNS only, inhibits COX (enzyme that forms prostaglandins in hypothalamic heat regulation center -> decreased pain & fever
- does not have antiinflamtory
- overdose can harm liver max dose 4000 mg/day don't use with chronic alcocholicks
- Safe in pregnancy cat B
- can cause hypokalemia and Hypoglycemia
Image: acetaminophen (Tylenol paracetamol APAP
acetylcysteine (Acetado, Mucomyst)
mucolytic - use to thin bronchial secretion ( with saver pneumonia)
ANTIDOTUM FOR ACETAMINOPHEN OVERDOSE( help prevent liver toxicity)
- can cause bronchospasm,
acetaZOLAMIDE (dimax
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor,
Diuretic used for mountain sickness and glaucoma ( to lover intraocular prefer as well as ICP)
- prevents reabsorption water potassium and sodium in proximal tubules (hx used as diuretic not any more
AE:
- SEIZURES
- pancytopenia anemia
- steven johnson syndrome ( because is sulfonamides )
- metabolic acidosi
acyclovir Zovirax
Antiviral:
interfere with DNA syntesis
USE :
Herpes Simplex 1&2
Herpes Zoster (shingles)
Cytomegalovarius (CMV)
AE:
Sizers
HEMOLYTIC UREMIC SYNDROME
SJS
adenosine
antiarrhythmics
- Slows conduction time through the AV node
Risk :
Stop heart for 5-10sec then rhythm returns
contradicted in AV black A FIB and A flut
Albuterol Proventil
Adrenergic -Beta2 Agonist (symphatetic nervosystem)
- inhaled : Used as a quick-relief agent for acute bronchospasm and for prevention of exercise-induced bronchospasm. Can be PO
RISK :
headache
tachycardia hypertension
Hypokalemia
CNS Stimulation
DD interaction
- beta blockers will block effect
- TCA MAOi Oxytocin - increase hypertension
allopurinol Zyloprim
Anti-gout: inhibits zanthine oxidase decrease uric acid production
RISK :
- agranulocytosis
- Jaundice
- renal failure
- increase risk for rush when use with PNC
ALPRAZolam (Xanax)
Benzodiazepine used for anxiety
GABA agonist open chloride channels on CNS interneurons ( witch negates sodium channels _ sodium is speeds communication between nurons)
RISK:
- CNS depression can cose respiratory depresion
- highly liver toxic
- addiction
alteplase t-PA
Directly converts plasminogen to plasmin, which then degrades clot-bound fibrin.
RISK
- Hemorrhage
contraindicated if pt has stroke3 monts before surgery cancer and prolonged CPR
amiodarone (Cordarone)
antiarrhythmics class III - life support
Indicated in VF VT
RISK :
- bluing of skin
- pulmonary fibrosis
amoxicillin + clavulanate acid= Augmentin PNC - brakes down bacteria clavulanate - prevents bacteria to destroy amoxicillin RISK: - anaphylaxis - SJSampicillin/sulbactamsimilar to Augmentinamphotericin B FungizoneBinds to fungal cell membrane, allowing leakage of cellular contents RISK -hemmerage renal failure liver failure PancutopiniaASPIRINProduce analgesia and reduce inflammation and fever by inhibiting the production of prostaglandin. Analgesic anti-inflammatory - don't use in children to treat fever - Rey syndrome - give immediately to hurt attack victims 19:51atenolol (Tenormin)Antihypertensive Beta Blocker Cardioselectiv B1 (smiler effect in lungs) chronotrope (slow the hurt rate ) - can couse BRoNCHOSPASMatorvastatin LipitorInhibition of HMG CoA reductase: Lovastatin simvastatin, pravastatin , atorvastatin , fluvastatin , pitavastatin and rosuvastatin are analogs of HMG, the precursor of cholesterol. Because of their strong affinity for the enzyme, all compete effectively to inhibit HMG CoA reductase, the rate-limiting step in cholesterol synthesis. By inhibiting de novo cholesterol synthesis, they deplete the intracellular supply of cholesterol. - Drug interactions: The HMG CoA reductase inhibitors may also increase warfarinatropine- Cardiovascular: Atropine produces divergent effects on the cardiovascular system, depending on the dose - At low doses, the predominant effect is a decreased cardiac rate (bradycardia). - With higher doses of atropine, the M2 receptors on the sinoatrial node are blocked, and the cardiac rate increases modestly. at least 1 mg of atropine, -Eye: Atropine blocks all cholinergic activity on the eye, resulting in persistent mydriasis - Secretions: Atropine blocks the salivary glands, producing a drying effect on the oral mucous membranes (xerostomia - Gastrointestinal (GI): Atropine can be used as an antispasmodic to reduce activity of the GI tract- to reduce daierhia . Although gastric motility is reduced, hydrochloric acid production is not significantly affected -Urinary system: Atropine-like drugs are also used to reduce hypermotility states of the urinary bladder. It is still occasionally used in enuresis (involuntary voiding of urine) among -antidote for cholinergic agonists: Atropine is used for the treatment of overdoses of cholinesterase inhibitor insecticides and some types of mushroom poisoningazithromycinantibiotic - community required pneumonia clamydiaTypical therapeutic applications of macrolides.Benztropine (COGENTIN)...